Glomeromycota

Glomeromycota

Glomeromycota (informally glomeromycetes) is one of eight currently recognized divisions within the kingdom Fungi,[3] with approximately 230 described species. The majority of evidence shows that the Glomeromycota are dependent on land plants (Nostoc in the case of Geosiphon) for carbon and energy, but there is recent circumstantial evidence that some species may be able to lead an independent existence. The arbuscular mycorrhizal species are terrestrial and widely distributed in soils worldwide where they form symbioses with the roots of the majority of plant species (>80%). They can also be found in wetlands, including salt-marshes, and associated with epiphytic plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have generally been classified in the Zygomycota (Order Glomales), but they do not form the zygospores characteristic of zygomycota, and all ‘glomalean’ fungi form mutualistic symbioses. Recent molecular studies have suggested a separate phylum is appropriate for the AM fungi, the Glomeromycota.