Ecosystem Services: Difference between revisions
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== Other Use == | == Other Use == | ||
=== Economics === | === Economics === | ||
There are questions regarding the environmental and economic values of ecosystem services. Although environmental awareness is rapidly improving in our contemporary world, ecosystem capital and its flow are still poorly understood, threats continue to impose | There are questions regarding the environmental and economic values of ecosystem services. Although environmental awareness is rapidly improving in our contemporary world, ecosystem capital and its flow are still poorly understood, threats continue to impose. | ||
=== Management and police === | === Management and police === | ||
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=== Maintain Biovdiversity === | === Maintain Biovdiversity === | ||
Ecosystem not only provides all kinds of biological breeding ground, | Ecosystem not only provides all kinds of biological breeding ground, the more important is provides the necessary conditionsfor for biological evolution and biodiversity. | ||
=== Climate Regulation === | === Climate Regulation === | ||
Ecosystem through photosynthesis can effectively slow down the global warming trend.Forest ecological system can effectively decrease the loss of regional water, | Ecosystem through photosynthesis can effectively slow down the global warming trend.Forest ecological system can effectively decrease the loss of regional water, and also can weaken the function of rapidly temperature change. | ||
== References == | |||
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA). 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis | |||
"Conservation of ecosystem services". Adam Purcell. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014 | |||
Raudsepp-Hearne, C. et al. 2010. Untangling the Environmentalist's Paradox: Why is Human Well-being Increasing as Ecosystem Services Degrade? Bioscience 60(8) 576–589. | |||
Ostrom, E. 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. | |||
MOlnar, Michelle; Clarke-Murray, Cathryn; Whitworth, Jogn & Tam, Jordan. " 1 December 2014. | |||
Revision as of 17:32, 10 May 2018
Ecosystem services are the many and varied benefits that humans freely gain from the natural environment and from properly-functioning ecosystems.
Denfinition
Per the 2006 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA), ecosystem services are "the benefits people obtain from ecosystems".
Four categories
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) report 2005 defines Ecosystem services as benefits people obtain from ecosystems and distinguishes four categories of ecosystem services, where the so-called supporting services are regarded as the basis for the services of the other three categories.The more details about the four services shows in Essential ecosystem services.
Supporting services
- These services make it possible for the ecosystems to provide services such as food supply, flood regulation, and water purification.
Provisioning services
- Food, Materials, Water, Energy...
Regulating services
- carbon sequestration and climate regulation
- waste decomposition
- purification of water and air
Cultural services
- Move, Outdoor sport...
Other Use
Economics
There are questions regarding the environmental and economic values of ecosystem services. Although environmental awareness is rapidly improving in our contemporary world, ecosystem capital and its flow are still poorly understood, threats continue to impose.
Management and police
Although monetary pricing continues with respect to the valuation of ecosystem services, the challenges in policy implementation and management are significant and multitudinous.
Maintain Biovdiversity
Ecosystem not only provides all kinds of biological breeding ground, the more important is provides the necessary conditionsfor for biological evolution and biodiversity.
Climate Regulation
Ecosystem through photosynthesis can effectively slow down the global warming trend.Forest ecological system can effectively decrease the loss of regional water, and also can weaken the function of rapidly temperature change.
References
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA). 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis
"Conservation of ecosystem services". Adam Purcell. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014
Raudsepp-Hearne, C. et al. 2010. Untangling the Environmentalist's Paradox: Why is Human Well-being Increasing as Ecosystem Services Degrade? Bioscience 60(8) 576–589.
Ostrom, E. 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
MOlnar, Michelle; Clarke-Murray, Cathryn; Whitworth, Jogn & Tam, Jordan. " 1 December 2014.