White Ash tree - Revision history

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2023-03-31T18:31:37Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 14:31, 31 March 2023
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	== Threats ==		== Threats ==

	Due to the accidental introduction of the Emerald Ash Borer, white ash trees have seen a significant decrease in population, and this has led to many adverse ecological effects. Widespread ash mortality severely alters forest habitats and dynamics. This causes loss of habitat and food for many [[organisms]], including 44 species of arthropods that feed exclusively on ash trees.		Due to the accidental introduction of the [[Emerald Ash Borer]], white ash trees have seen a significant decrease in population, and this has led to many adverse ecological effects. Widespread ash mortality severely alters forest habitats and dynamics. This causes loss of habitat and food for many [[organisms]], including 44 species of arthropods that feed exclusively on ash trees.

	Additionally, loss of ash trees, and therefore an increase in sunlight on forest floors, may cause an increase in the spread of invasive species, such as honeysuckle, multiflora rose, and autumn olive.		Additionally, loss of ash trees, and therefore an increase in sunlight on forest floors, may cause an increase in the spread of invasive species, such as honeysuckle, multiflora rose, and autumn olive.

Rlkolsch: /* Threats */

2022-04-02T04:44:34Z

Threats

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:44, 2 April 2022
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	Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.		Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.

	Another threat to the White Ash Tree is the [[ascomycete]] fungus disease, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. It causes crown dieback and leaf loss in Ash trees resulting in a 69% mortality rate in the wild [2]. Due to the probable immunity of Ash trees of Asian origin, the disease can first be traced back to Europe. It is spread by wind transportation of spores and nursery infestations. When infected, lesions can be found through the stems, branches and xylem of the tree [3]. As of right now there are no effective management strategies to resolve this issue.		Another threat to the White Ash Tree is the [[ascomycete]] fungus disease, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. It causes crown dieback and leaf loss in Ash trees resulting in a 69% mortality rate in the wild [2]. Due to the probable immunity of Ash trees of Asian origin, the disease can first be traced back to Europe. It is spread by wind transportation of spores and nursery infestations. When infected, lesions can be found through the stems, branches and xylem of the tree [3]. As of right now there are no effective management strategies to resolve this issue [9].

	<!--very informational, good job!-->		<!--very informational, good job!-->

Rlkolsch: /* Threats */

2022-04-02T04:44:21Z

Threats

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:44, 2 April 2022
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	Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.		Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.

	Another threat to the White Ash Tree is the [[ascomycete]] fungus disease, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. It causes crown dieback and leaf loss in Ash trees resulting in a 69% mortality rate in the wild [2]. Due to the probable immunity of Ash trees of Asian origin, the disease can first be traced back to Europe. It is spread by wind transportation of spores and nursery infestations. When infected, lesions can be found through the stems, branches and xylem of the tree. As of right now there are no effective management strategies to resolve this issue.		Another threat to the White Ash Tree is the [[ascomycete]] fungus disease, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. It causes crown dieback and leaf loss in Ash trees resulting in a 69% mortality rate in the wild [2]. Due to the probable immunity of Ash trees of Asian origin, the disease can first be traced back to Europe. It is spread by wind transportation of spores and nursery infestations. When infected, lesions can be found through the stems, branches and xylem of the tree [3]. As of right now there are no effective management strategies to resolve this issue.

	<!--very informational, good job!-->		<!--very informational, good job!-->

Rlkolsch: /* Threats */

2022-04-02T04:42:56Z

Threats

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:42, 2 April 2022
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	Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.		Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.

	Another threat to the White Ash Tree is the [[ascomycete]] fungus disease, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. It causes crown dieback and leaf loss in Ash trees resulting in a 69% mortality rate in the wild. Due to the probable immunity of Ash trees of Asian origin, the disease can first be traced back to Europe. It is spread by wind transportation of spores and nursery infestations. When infected, lesions can be found through the stems, branches and xylem of the tree. As of right now there are no effective management strategies to resolve this issue.		Another threat to the White Ash Tree is the [[ascomycete]] fungus disease, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. It causes crown dieback and leaf loss in Ash trees resulting in a 69% mortality rate in the wild [2]. Due to the probable immunity of Ash trees of Asian origin, the disease can first be traced back to Europe. It is spread by wind transportation of spores and nursery infestations. When infected, lesions can be found through the stems, branches and xylem of the tree. As of right now there are no effective management strategies to resolve this issue.

	<!--very informational, good job!-->		<!--very informational, good job!-->

Rlkolsch: /* Threats */

2022-04-02T04:41:56Z

Threats

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:41, 2 April 2022
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	Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.		Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.

			Another threat to the White Ash Tree is the [[ascomycete]] fungus disease, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. It causes crown dieback and leaf loss in Ash trees resulting in a 69% mortality rate in the wild. Due to the probable immunity of Ash trees of Asian origin, the disease can first be traced back to Europe. It is spread by wind transportation of spores and nursery infestations. When infected, lesions can be found through the stems, branches and xylem of the tree. As of right now there are no effective management strategies to resolve this issue.

	<!--very informational, good job!-->		<!--very informational, good job!-->


	== References ==		== References ==

Rlkolsch: /* References */

2022-04-02T04:40:49Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:40, 2 April 2022
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	[1] Ash Tree Update 2017 (U.S. National Park Service). (n.d.). . https://www.nps.gov/articles/ash-tree-update.htm.		[1] Ash Tree Update 2017 (U.S. National Park Service). (n.d.). . https://www.nps.gov/articles/ash-tree-update.htm.

	[2] Fraxinus ~~americana~~ - ~~Plant Finder~~. (n.d.). . https://~~www~~.~~missouribotanicalgarden~~.~~org~~/~~PlantFinder~~/~~PlantFinderDetails~~.~~aspx?kempercode=a867~~.		[2] Estimating mortality rates of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) under the ash dieback (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) epidemic - Coker - 2019 - PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET - Wiley Online Library. (n.d.). . https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppp3.11.

	[3] ~~Fraxinus americana (American Ash, White Ash) \| North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox~~. (n.d.). . https://~~plants~~.~~ces~~.~~ncsu~~.~~edu~~/~~plants~~/~~fraxinus-americana~~/.		[3] ETH - Forest Pathology and Dendrology. (n.d.). . https://web.archive.org/web/20121105034253/http://www.forestpathology.ethz.ch/research/Chalara_fraxinea/index_EN.

	[4] ~~Maine proposes Emerald Ash Borer quarantine rules~~. (n.d.). . https://www.~~wabi~~.tv/~~2021/03/17/maine-proposes-emerald-ash-borer-quarantine-rules~~/.		[4] Fraxinus americana - Plant Finder. (n.d.). . https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a867.

	[5] White Ash. (n.d.). . https://~~naturalresources~~.~~extension~~.~~iastate~~.edu/~~forestry~~/~~iowa_trees~~/~~trees/white_ash.html~~.		[5] Fraxinus americana (American Ash, White Ash) \| North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. (n.d.). . https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/fraxinus-americana/.

	[6] White Ash (Fraxinus americana). (n.d.). . https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/trees/plants/white_ash.html.		[6] Maine proposes Emerald Ash Borer quarantine rules. (n.d.). . https://www.wabi.tv/2021/03/17/maine-proposes-emerald-ash-borer-quarantine-rules/.

			[7] White Ash. (n.d.). . https://naturalresources.extension.iastate.edu/forestry/iowa_trees/trees/white_ash.html.

			[8] White Ash (Fraxinus americana). (n.d.). . https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/trees/plants/white_ash.html.

			[9] Are Europe’s ash trees finished? \| New Scientist. (n.d.). . https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn22449-are-europes-ash-trees-finished/?ignored=irrelevant.

Johnsava at 21:32, 11 March 2022

2022-03-11T21:32:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:32, 11 March 2022
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	== Threats ==		== Threats ==

	Due to the accidental introduction of the Emerald Ash Borer, ash trees have seen a significant decrease in population, and this has led to many adverse ecological effects. Widespread ash mortality severely alters forest habitats and dynamics. This causes loss of habitat and food for many [[organisms]], including 44 species of arthropods that feed exclusively on ash trees.		Due to the accidental introduction of the Emerald Ash Borer, white ash trees have seen a significant decrease in population, and this has led to many adverse ecological effects. Widespread ash mortality severely alters forest habitats and dynamics. This causes loss of habitat and food for many [[organisms]], including 44 species of arthropods that feed exclusively on ash trees.

	Additionally, loss of ash trees, and therefore an increase in sunlight on forest floors, may cause an increase in the spread of invasive species, such as honeysuckle, multiflora rose, and autumn olive.		Additionally, loss of ash trees, and therefore an increase in sunlight on forest floors, may cause an increase in the spread of invasive species, such as honeysuckle, multiflora rose, and autumn olive.

Katelinq at 21:23, 4 May 2021

2021-05-04T21:23:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:23, 4 May 2021
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	== Description ==		== Description ==

	White ash trees grow between 60 to 100 feet tall on average, with a 2 to 3 foot trunk diameter. It is the largest of the ash trees found in North America. The leaves are opposite, and have between 5 and 9 leaflets. The bark ranges in color from yellow-brown to light grey and has deep furrows.		White ash trees grow between 60 to 100 feet tall on average, with a 2 to 3 foot trunk diameter. It is the largest of the ash trees found in North America. The leaves are opposite, and have between 5 and 9 leaflets. The bark ranges in color from yellow-brown to light grey and has deep furrows. White ash trees are dioecious, meaning there are separate male and female trees.



	[[File:whiteashleaf.jpeg\|thumb\|left\|White Ash leaves]]		[[File:whiteashleaf.jpeg\|thumb\|left\|White Ash leaves]]

Eralvut at 20:56, 4 May 2021

2021-05-04T20:56:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:56, 4 May 2021
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	[[File:whiteash1.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|White Ash tree]]		[[File:whiteash1.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|White Ash tree]]

	The White Ash tree, or Fraxinus americana, is a type of ash tree that is native to eastern and central North America.		The White Ash tree, or ''Fraxinus americana'', is a type of ash tree that is native to eastern and central North America.

Eralvut at 20:55, 4 May 2021

2021-05-04T20:55:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:55, 4 May 2021
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	== Distribution ==		== Distribution ==

	The White ash tree is found only in the central and eastern parts of North America, ranging as far north as Nova Scotia, south into northern Florida, and west into the upper areas of Texas and parts of Iowa. Habitats include floodplain woodlands, upland woodlands, shaded gravelly seeps, high riverbanks, limestone glades, and in city parks.		The White ash tree is found only in the central and eastern parts of North America, ranging as far north as Nova Scotia, south into northern Florida, and west into the upper areas of Texas and parts of Iowa. Habitats include floodplain woodlands, upland woodlands, shaded gravelly seeps, high riverbanks, limestone glades, and in city parks. <!--maybe include an image of distribution, if it exists?-->

	== Ecological Importance ==		== Ecological Importance ==

	White Ash hosts many species of [[insects]], which feed on parts of the tree. At least 280 [[arthropods]] rely on White Ash trees as a source of food and shelter. Additionally, White Ash trees provide habitat and food for many vertebrates, such as squirrels, deer, various birds, and mice. Ash trees also play an important role in nutrient and water cycling in forests.		White Ash hosts many species of [[insects]], which feed on parts of the tree. At least 280 [[arthropods]] rely on White Ash trees as a source of food and shelter. Additionally, White Ash trees provide habitat and food for many vertebrates, such as squirrels, deer, various birds, and mice. Ash trees also play an important role in nutrient and water cycling in forests. <!--perhaps explain what it does more specifically with nutrient/water cycling-->

	== Threats ==		== Threats ==
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	Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.		Widespread ash mortality also can alter [[soil]] pH, mineral concentrations, and soil moisture levels, affecting nutrient and water availability for nearby trees and other organisms living in the soil.

			<!--very informational, good job!-->