Tiger Salamander - Revision history

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2022-05-06T18:04:45Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 14:04, 6 May 2022
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	[[File:TigerSalamander.jpg\|400px\|thumb\|left\|]]		[[File:TigerSalamander.jpg\|400px\|thumb\|left\|]]
	Tiger salamanders are a group of salamanders that include multiple species including ''Ambystoma tigrinum'', ''Ambystoma mavoritum'', and '' Ambystoma californiense'', and ''Ambystoma velasci''. They are all a part of the genus ''Ambystoma'' which are mole salamanders. Tiger salamanders are mainly quadrupedal and terrestrial when they are adults. As adults they can grow to be 15-20 centmeters on average with a record length of 33 centimeters.[1] The eastern tiger salamander(''A. tigrium'') can be distinguished by the olive or yellow markings along a black or yellow body.[1]		Tiger [[salamanders]] are a group of salamanders that include multiple species including ''Ambystoma tigrinum'', ''Ambystoma mavoritum'', and '' Ambystoma californiense'', and ''Ambystoma velasci''. They are all a part of the genus ''Ambystoma'' which are mole salamanders. Tiger salamanders are mainly quadrupedal and terrestrial when they are adults. As adults they can grow to be 15-20 centmeters on average with a record length of 33 centimeters.[1] The eastern tiger salamander(''A. tigrium'') can be distinguished by the olive or yellow markings along a black or yellow body.[1]

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	== Role in the Food Web ==		== Role in the Food Web ==

	Adult tiger salamanders consume small vertebrates and invertebrates.[2] The larvae of the tiger salamander mainly consumes aquatic invertebrates. However, the larvae of the tiger salamander have also been observed to consume fathead minnows and various tadpoles of diffrent species of frogs and toads including species such as bullfrogs and green frogs which are noxious to fish.[3] Cannibalism has also been observed in the larvae of the salamanders. The diet of adult tiger salamanders is mostly unknown as they rarely have food in their stomachs when digested, but they have been observed to consume various [[insects]], mollusks, and [[annelids]]. [3] Field mice may also be taken.		Adult tiger salamanders consume small vertebrates and [[invertebrates]].[2] The larvae of the tiger salamander mainly consumes aquatic invertebrates. However, the larvae of the tiger salamander have also been observed to consume fathead minnows and various tadpoles of diffrent species of frogs and toads including species such as bullfrogs and green frogs which are noxious to fish.[3] Cannibalism has also been observed in the larvae of the salamanders. The diet of adult tiger salamanders is mostly unknown as they rarely have food in their stomachs when digested, but they have been observed to consume various [[insects]], mollusks, and [[annelids]]. [3] Field mice may also be taken.

	Tiger salamanders may fall prey to various birds such as herons and egrets, large bullfrogs, and large fish.[5] Various large aquatic invertebrates and fish will prey upon the larvae and eggs of the salamanders, but the ponds used for breeding by the salamanders would have been selected to be fish-less. If the salamander does breed in a pond with fish it will move to deeper waters to avoid the predatory fish as opposed to its favored shallows.[3]		Tiger salamanders may fall prey to various birds such as herons and egrets, large bullfrogs, and large fish.[5] Various large aquatic invertebrates and fish will prey upon the larvae and eggs of the salamanders, but the ponds used for breeding by the salamanders would have been selected to be fish-less. If the salamander does breed in a pond with fish it will move to deeper waters to avoid the predatory fish as opposed to its favored shallows.[3]

Mfantine: /* Range/Habitat */

2021-05-05T13:53:25Z

Range/Habitat

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	[[File:TigerSalamanderrange.gif\|200px\|thumb\|right\|The ranges of most of the species of tiger salamanders]]		[[File:TigerSalamanderrange.gif\|200px\|thumb\|right\|The ranges of most of the species of tiger salamanders]]
	The eastern tiger salamander is found from southern New York to Florida along the east coast.[2] The western range is from western Ohio to Minnesota and there is a range in Texas near the gulf coast.[2] The other species of tiger salamanders can be found throughout North America except New England and the west coast[3] with the exception of the California Tiger Salamander(''A. californiense'') which is found mostly in the Central Valley of California with isolated populations in Santa Barbara and Sonoma.[5] Tiger salamanders as a whole spend most of their adult life on land, however they need natural fishless pools and ponds to breed.[2] The salamanders can live in grasslands, parklands, sub-alpine meadows and semi-arid regions.[4] In New York the tiger salamanders are only confirmed to exist in Long Island and they live in sandy pine barrens. The salamanders live in sandy or friable soils and need the burrows of other [[animals]] to hibernated during the winter.[3]		The eastern tiger salamander is found from southern New York to Florida along the east coast.[2] The western range is from western Ohio to Minnesota and there is a range in Texas near the gulf coast.[2] The other species of tiger salamanders can be found throughout North America except New England and the west coast[3] with the exception of the California Tiger Salamander(''A. californiense'') which is found mostly in the Central Valley of California with isolated populations in Santa Barbara and Sonoma.[5] Tiger salamanders as a whole spend most of their adult life on land, however they need natural fishless pools and ponds to breed.[2] The salamanders can live in grasslands, parklands, sub-alpine meadows and semi-arid regions.[4] In New York the tiger salamanders are only confirmed to exist in Long Island and they live in sandy pine barrens. The salamanders live in sandy or friable soils and need the burrows of other [[animals]] to hibernated during the winter.[3]

	~~----~~

	== Role in the Food Web ==		== Role in the Food Web ==

Mfantine: /* Role in the Food Web */

2021-05-04T21:39:13Z

Role in the Food Web

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:39, 4 May 2021
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	Tiger salamanders may fall prey to various birds such as herons and egrets, large bullfrogs, and large fish.[5] Various large aquatic invertebrates and fish will prey upon the larvae and eggs of the salamanders, but the ponds used for breeding by the salamanders would have been selected to be fish-less. If the salamander does breed in a pond with fish it will move to deeper waters to avoid the predatory fish as opposed to its favored shallows.[3]		Tiger salamanders may fall prey to various birds such as herons and egrets, large bullfrogs, and large fish.[5] Various large aquatic invertebrates and fish will prey upon the larvae and eggs of the salamanders, but the ponds used for breeding by the salamanders would have been selected to be fish-less. If the salamander does breed in a pond with fish it will move to deeper waters to avoid the predatory fish as opposed to its favored shallows.[3]

	~~----~~

	== Life Cycle ==		== Life Cycle ==

Mfantine: /* Life Cycle */

2021-05-04T21:37:27Z

Life Cycle

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:37, 4 May 2021
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	The breeding cycle of the salamanders begins as soon as there are permanent or semi-permanent ponds that have reached temperatures around 10 degrees Celsius. During breeding the male will deposit a sperm packet at the bottom of the lake and the female will pick it up with her cloaca and then lay the eggs either singly or in clusters of 100 to 5,000 depending on the size of the female and the geographic area.[4] Hatching time varies depending on temperature, but will likely take 2-3 weeks. [1] The development of the larvae normally takes 3-4 months, but depends on prey availability, temperature, and larval density. Upon exiting, the adults will spend most of their lives in burrows only leaving ti migrate or hunt during or around rainstorms.[4]		The breeding cycle of the salamanders begins as soon as there are permanent or semi-permanent ponds that have reached temperatures around 10 degrees Celsius. During breeding the male will deposit a sperm packet at the bottom of the lake and the female will pick it up with her cloaca and then lay the eggs either singly or in clusters of 100 to 5,000 depending on the size of the female and the geographic area.[4] Hatching time varies depending on temperature, but will likely take 2-3 weeks. [1] The development of the larvae normally takes 3-4 months, but depends on prey availability, temperature, and larval density. Upon exiting, the adults will spend most of their lives in burrows only leaving ti migrate or hunt during or around rainstorms.[4]
	[[File:TigerSalamanderlarva.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A tiger salamander larva]]		[[File:TigerSalamanderlarva.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A tiger salamander larva]]
	[[File:Salamander-Life-Cycle.jpeg\|200px\|thumb\|~~right~~\|Diagram of salamander life cycle]]		[[File:Salamander-Life-Cycle.jpeg\|200px\|thumb\|left\|Diagram of salamander life cycle]]
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Mfantine: /* Life Cycle */

2021-05-04T21:36:50Z

Life Cycle

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:36, 4 May 2021
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	The breeding cycle of the salamanders begins as soon as there are permanent or semi-permanent ponds that have reached temperatures around 10 degrees Celsius. During breeding the male will deposit a sperm packet at the bottom of the lake and the female will pick it up with her cloaca and then lay the eggs either singly or in clusters of 100 to 5,000 depending on the size of the female and the geographic area.[4] Hatching time varies depending on temperature, but will likely take 2-3 weeks. [1] The development of the larvae normally takes 3-4 months, but depends on prey availability, temperature, and larval density. Upon exiting, the adults will spend most of their lives in burrows only leaving ti migrate or hunt during or around rainstorms.[4]		The breeding cycle of the salamanders begins as soon as there are permanent or semi-permanent ponds that have reached temperatures around 10 degrees Celsius. During breeding the male will deposit a sperm packet at the bottom of the lake and the female will pick it up with her cloaca and then lay the eggs either singly or in clusters of 100 to 5,000 depending on the size of the female and the geographic area.[4] Hatching time varies depending on temperature, but will likely take 2-3 weeks. [1] The development of the larvae normally takes 3-4 months, but depends on prey availability, temperature, and larval density. Upon exiting, the adults will spend most of their lives in burrows only leaving ti migrate or hunt during or around rainstorms.[4]
	[[File:TigerSalamanderlarva.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A tiger salamander larva]]		[[File:TigerSalamanderlarva.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A tiger salamander larva]]
			[[File:Salamander-Life-Cycle.jpeg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Diagram of salamander life cycle]]
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Njhenshu: The LinkTitles extension automatically added links to existing pages (https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles).

2021-04-29T17:05:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:05, 29 April 2021
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	== Range/Habitat ==		== Range/Habitat ==
	[[File:TigerSalamanderrange.gif\|200px\|thumb\|right\|The ranges of most of the species of tiger salamanders]]		[[File:TigerSalamanderrange.gif\|200px\|thumb\|right\|The ranges of most of the species of tiger salamanders]]
	The eastern tiger salamander is found from southern New York to Florida along the east coast.[2] The western range is from western Ohio to Minnesota and there is a range in Texas near the gulf coast.[2] The other species of tiger salamanders can be found throughout North America except New England and the west coast[3] with the exception of the California Tiger Salamander(''A. californiense'') which is found mostly in the Central Valley of California with isolated populations in Santa Barbara and Sonoma.[5] Tiger salamanders as a whole spend most of their adult life on land, however they need natural fishless pools and ponds to breed.[2] The salamanders can live in grasslands, parklands, sub-alpine meadows and semi-arid regions.[4] In New York the tiger salamanders are only confirmed to exist in Long Island and they live in sandy pine barrens. The salamanders live in sandy or friable soils and need the burrows of other animals to hibernated during the winter.[3]		The eastern tiger salamander is found from southern New York to Florida along the east coast.[2] The western range is from western Ohio to Minnesota and there is a range in Texas near the gulf coast.[2] The other species of tiger salamanders can be found throughout North America except New England and the west coast[3] with the exception of the California Tiger Salamander(''A. californiense'') which is found mostly in the Central Valley of California with isolated populations in Santa Barbara and Sonoma.[5] Tiger salamanders as a whole spend most of their adult life on land, however they need natural fishless pools and ponds to breed.[2] The salamanders can live in grasslands, parklands, sub-alpine meadows and semi-arid regions.[4] In New York the tiger salamanders are only confirmed to exist in Long Island and they live in sandy pine barrens. The salamanders live in sandy or friable soils and need the burrows of other [[animals]] to hibernated during the winter.[3]

	----		----
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	== Role in the Food Web ==		== Role in the Food Web ==

	Adult tiger salamanders consume small vertebrates and invertebrates.[2] The larvae of the tiger salamander mainly consumes aquatic invertebrates. However, the larvae of the tiger salamander have also been observed to consume fathead minnows and various tadpoles of diffrent species of frogs and toads including species such as bullfrogs and green frogs which are noxious to fish.[3] Cannibalism has also been observed in the larvae of the salamanders. The diet of adult tiger salamanders is mostly unknown as they rarely have food in their stomachs when digested, but they have been observed to consume various insects, mollusks, and [[annelids]]. [3] Field mice may also be taken.		Adult tiger salamanders consume small vertebrates and invertebrates.[2] The larvae of the tiger salamander mainly consumes aquatic invertebrates. However, the larvae of the tiger salamander have also been observed to consume fathead minnows and various tadpoles of diffrent species of frogs and toads including species such as bullfrogs and green frogs which are noxious to fish.[3] Cannibalism has also been observed in the larvae of the salamanders. The diet of adult tiger salamanders is mostly unknown as they rarely have food in their stomachs when digested, but they have been observed to consume various [[insects]], mollusks, and [[annelids]]. [3] Field mice may also be taken.

	Tiger salamanders may fall prey to various birds such as herons and egrets, large bullfrogs, and large fish.[5] Various large aquatic invertebrates and fish will prey upon the larvae and eggs of the salamanders, but the ponds used for breeding by the salamanders would have been selected to be fish-less. If the salamander does breed in a pond with fish it will move to deeper waters to avoid the predatory fish as opposed to its favored shallows.[3]		Tiger salamanders may fall prey to various birds such as herons and egrets, large bullfrogs, and large fish.[5] Various large aquatic invertebrates and fish will prey upon the larvae and eggs of the salamanders, but the ponds used for breeding by the salamanders would have been selected to be fish-less. If the salamander does breed in a pond with fish it will move to deeper waters to avoid the predatory fish as opposed to its favored shallows.[3]
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	== Care in Captivity ==		== Care in Captivity ==
	Tiger salamanders are commonly kept as pets for either recreational or educational purposes or as research subjects. Salamanders, for the most part, are not considered good pets because of how delicate they are, how hard they are to feed, and how secretive they are.[6] This doesn't apply to tiger salamanders. They will accept food from their handlers and adapt well to captivity, unlike most salamanders.[6] Many states,like Ohio and California, have laws protecting tiger salamanders, so acquiring them may be difficult or impossible legally. Most captive tiger salamanders are wild caught and will take a little while to adapt to captivity. To house a larval tiger salamander a fully aquatic setup is required with very slowly moving water.[6] When the metamorphosis is almost complete, shown by the disappearance of the tail-fin the water should barely cover the salamander and have a way to leave the water easily when the salamander is ready.[6] The larvae shouldn't be kept with more than two other larvae or with any fish.[6] As an adult they are among the easiest salamander to keep in captivity as they need at least 4 inches of soil to burrow in, a water source, and a well ventilated cover.[1] They do not require external lighting or heating. In captivity nightcrawlers and crickets are good staple foods.[6] They do not require any additional supplements such as a calcium dust for these food sources. Waxworms and baby mice make good treats, but if they are used as a staple in the salamanders diet it would lead to the salamander becoming obese.[6]		Tiger salamanders are commonly kept as pets for either recreational or educational purposes or as research subjects. Salamanders, for the most part, are not considered good pets because of how delicate they are, how hard they are to feed, and how secretive they are.[6] This doesn't apply to tiger salamanders. They will accept food from their handlers and adapt well to captivity, unlike most salamanders.[6] Many states,like Ohio and California, have laws protecting tiger salamanders, so acquiring them may be difficult or impossible legally. Most captive tiger salamanders are wild caught and will take a little while to adapt to captivity. To house a larval tiger salamander a fully aquatic setup is required with very slowly moving water.[6] When the metamorphosis is almost complete, shown by the disappearance of the tail-fin the water should barely cover the salamander and have a way to leave the water easily when the salamander is ready.[6] The larvae shouldn't be kept with more than two other larvae or with any fish.[6] As an adult they are among the easiest salamander to keep in captivity as they need at least 4 inches of [[soil]] to burrow in, a water source, and a well ventilated cover.[1] They do not require external lighting or heating. In captivity nightcrawlers and crickets are good staple foods.[6] They do not require any additional supplements such as a calcium dust for these food sources. Waxworms and baby mice make good treats, but if they are used as a staple in the salamanders diet it would lead to the salamander becoming obese.[6]
	[[File:TigerSalamanderCaptive.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|left\|Three Adult salamanders in captivity]]		[[File:TigerSalamanderCaptive.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|left\|Three Adult salamanders in captivity]]

Naglowny at 18:26, 9 May 2018

2018-05-09T18:26:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:26, 9 May 2018
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	[[File:TigerSalamander.jpg\|400px\|thumb\|left\|]]		[[File:TigerSalamander.jpg\|400px\|thumb\|left\|]]
	Tiger salamanders are a group of salamanders that include multiple species including ''Ambystoma tigrinum'', ''Ambystoma mavoritum'', and '' Ambystoma californiense'', and ''Ambystoma velasci''. They are all a part of the genus ''Ambystoma'' which are mole salamanders. Tiger salamanders are mainly quadrupedal and terrestrial when they are adults. As adults they can grow to be 15-~~20cm~~ on average with a record length of ~~13 inches~~.[1] The eastern tiger salamander(''A. tigrium'') can be distinguished by the olive or yellow markings along a black or yellow body.[1]		Tiger salamanders are a group of salamanders that include multiple species including ''Ambystoma tigrinum'', ''Ambystoma mavoritum'', and '' Ambystoma californiense'', and ''Ambystoma velasci''. They are all a part of the genus ''Ambystoma'' which are mole salamanders. Tiger salamanders are mainly quadrupedal and terrestrial when they are adults. As adults they can grow to be 15-20 centmeters on average with a record length of 33 centimeters.[1] The eastern tiger salamander(''A. tigrium'') can be distinguished by the olive or yellow markings along a black or yellow body.[1]

	----		----

Naglowny at 05:32, 9 May 2018

2018-05-09T05:32:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:32, 9 May 2018
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	1. https://backyardzoologist.files.wordpress.com/		1. https://backyardzoologist.files.wordpress.com/

	2. https://www.petcoach.co/article/tiger-salamanders-ambystoma-tigrinum-species-profile-housin/		2. https://www.petcoach.co/article/tiger-salamanders-ambystoma-tigrinum-species-profile-housin/

	3. https://www.caudata.org/forum/showthread.php?t=48791		3. https://www.caudata.org/forum/showthread.php?t=48791

	4. http://extension.msstate.edu/news/feature-story/2013/msu-salamander-work-has-conservation-impact		4. http://extension.msstate.edu/news/feature-story/2013/msu-salamander-work-has-conservation-impact

Naglowny at 05:32, 9 May 2018

2018-05-09T05:32:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:32, 9 May 2018
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	''Image Sources''		''Image Sources''

	1. https://backyardzoologist.files.wordpress.com/~~2010/07/img_22961.jpg~~		1. https://backyardzoologist.files.wordpress.com/
	2. https://www.petcoach.co/article/tiger-salamanders-ambystoma-tigrinum-species-profile-housin/		2. https://www.petcoach.co/article/tiger-salamanders-ambystoma-tigrinum-species-profile-housin/
	3. https://www.caudata.org/forum/showthread.php?t=48791		3. https://www.caudata.org/forum/showthread.php?t=48791
	4. http://extension.msstate.edu/news/feature-story/2013/msu-salamander-work-has-conservation-impact		4. http://extension.msstate.edu/news/feature-story/2013/msu-salamander-work-has-conservation-impact

Naglowny at 05:31, 9 May 2018

2018-05-09T05:31:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:31, 9 May 2018
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	== Life Cycle ==		== Life Cycle ==
	The breeding cycle of the salamanders begins as soon as there are permanent or semi-permanent ponds that have reached temperatures around 10 degrees Celsius. During breeding the male will deposit a sperm packet at the bottom of the lake and the female will pick it up with her cloaca and then lay the eggs either singly or in clusters of 100 to 5,000 depending on the size of the female and the geographic area.[4] Hatching time varies depending on temperature, but will likely take 2-3 weeks. [1] The development of the larvae normally takes 3-4 months, but depends on prey availability, temperature, and larval density. Upon exiting, the adults will spend most of their lives in burrows only leaving ti migrate or hunt during or around rainstorms.[4]		The breeding cycle of the salamanders begins as soon as there are permanent or semi-permanent ponds that have reached temperatures around 10 degrees Celsius. During breeding the male will deposit a sperm packet at the bottom of the lake and the female will pick it up with her cloaca and then lay the eggs either singly or in clusters of 100 to 5,000 depending on the size of the female and the geographic area.[4] Hatching time varies depending on temperature, but will likely take 2-3 weeks. [1] The development of the larvae normally takes 3-4 months, but depends on prey availability, temperature, and larval density. Upon exiting, the adults will spend most of their lives in burrows only leaving ti migrate or hunt during or around rainstorms.[4]
	[[File:TigerSalamanderlarva.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A ~~young~~ tiger salamander larva]]		[[File:TigerSalamanderlarva.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|right\|A tiger salamander larva]]

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	6. Clare, John. “Tiger Salamander Care Sheet.” Reptiles Magazine, www.reptilesmagazine.com/Care-Sheets/Frogs-Amphibians/Tiger-Salamander-Care-Sheet/.		6. Clare, John. “Tiger Salamander Care Sheet.” Reptiles Magazine, www.reptilesmagazine.com/Care-Sheets/Frogs-Amphibians/Tiger-Salamander-Care-Sheet/.

			''Image Sources''

			1. https://backyardzoologist.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/img_22961.jpg
			2. https://www.petcoach.co/article/tiger-salamanders-ambystoma-tigrinum-species-profile-housin/
			3. https://www.caudata.org/forum/showthread.php?t=48791
			4. http://extension.msstate.edu/news/feature-story/2013/msu-salamander-work-has-conservation-impact