Rhizosphere - Revision history

Qlschill: /* Methods */

2021-05-07T15:47:39Z

Methods

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:47, 7 May 2021
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	Another common way of studying the rhizosphere is through sampling and the use of probes. Probes can be used with minimal disturbance to analyze the chemicals and other [[properties]] in the soil. Sampling can also be done, by either extracting the whole plant and do analysis or by removing part of the root system and soil around it for analysis. Sampling is more invasive than probing is, but can be more accurate.		Another common way of studying the rhizosphere is through sampling and the use of probes. Probes can be used with minimal disturbance to analyze the chemicals and other [[properties]] in the soil. Sampling can also be done, by either extracting the whole plant and do analysis or by removing part of the root system and soil around it for analysis. Sampling is more invasive than probing is, but can be more accurate.

	[[File:Rhizotron 1.png]]		[[File:Rhizotron 1.png\|550px\|Image: 550 pixels]] [[File:Rhizotron.jpg\|600px\|Image: 600 pixels]]

	[[File:Rhizotron.jpg]]

	=References=		=References=

Qlschill: /* Methods */

2021-05-07T15:44:34Z

Methods

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:44, 7 May 2021
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	[[File:Rhizotron 1.png]]		[[File:Rhizotron 1.png]]

			[[File:Rhizotron.jpg]]

	=References=		=References=

Qlschill: /* Methods */

2021-05-07T15:43:42Z

Methods

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:43, 7 May 2021
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	== Methods ==		== Methods ==

	The rhizosphere is below the ground, in order to examine it special methods have been developed for use. One such method is the use of rhizotrons. A rhizotron is a laboratory constructed underground to study soil and its interactions with plants and [[animals]]. There is a central corridor with viewing windows into the soil profile which are usually shaded or covered to prevent light from entering the below surface soil which could influence the results of some studies. On the outside different experiments are conducted in the soil. Experiments of different soil types, and assemblages of plants and animals within the soil. Rhizotrons do not have to be housed in big facilities, in fact minirhizotrons are commonly ~~built~~ for ~~house~~ experiments ~~or for gaining experience~~.		The rhizosphere is below the ground, in order to examine it special methods have been developed for use. One such method is the use of rhizotrons. A rhizotron is a laboratory constructed underground to study soil and its interactions with plants and [[animals]]. There is a central corridor with viewing windows into the soil profile which are usually shaded or covered to prevent light from entering the below surface soil which could influence the results of some studies. On the outside different experiments are conducted in the soil. Experiments of different soil types, and assemblages of plants and animals within the soil. Rhizotrons do not have to be housed in big facilities, in fact minirhizotrons are commonly used for small scale experiments.

	Another common way of studying the rhizosphere is through sampling and the use of probes. Probes can be used with minimal disturbance to analyze the chemicals and other [[properties]] in the soil. Sampling can also be done, by either extracting the whole plant and do analysis or by removing part of the root system and soil around it for analysis. Sampling is more invasive than probing is, but can be more accurate.		Another common way of studying the rhizosphere is through sampling and the use of probes. Probes can be used with minimal disturbance to analyze the chemicals and other [[properties]] in the soil. Sampling can also be done, by either extracting the whole plant and do analysis or by removing part of the root system and soil around it for analysis. Sampling is more invasive than probing is, but can be more accurate.

			[[File:Rhizotron 1.png]]

	=References=		=References=

Qlschill: /* Methods */

2021-05-07T15:37:02Z

Methods

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:37, 7 May 2021
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	== Methods ==		== Methods ==

			The rhizosphere is below the ground, in order to examine it special methods have been developed for use. One such method is the use of rhizotrons. A rhizotron is a laboratory constructed underground to study soil and its interactions with plants and [[animals]]. There is a central corridor with viewing windows into the soil profile which are usually shaded or covered to prevent light from entering the below surface soil which could influence the results of some studies. On the outside different experiments are conducted in the soil. Experiments of different soil types, and assemblages of plants and animals within the soil. Rhizotrons do not have to be housed in big facilities, in fact minirhizotrons are commonly built for house experiments or for gaining experience.

			Another common way of studying the rhizosphere is through sampling and the use of probes. Probes can be used with minimal disturbance to analyze the chemicals and other [[properties]] in the soil. Sampling can also be done, by either extracting the whole plant and do analysis or by removing part of the root system and soil around it for analysis. Sampling is more invasive than probing is, but can be more accurate.

	=References=		=References=

Qlschill at 15:19, 7 May 2021

2021-05-07T15:19:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:19, 7 May 2021
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	Bacteria, [[protozoa]], [[mites]], earthworms, and many other organisms live within the rhizosphere. [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] are one of the most important [[microorganisms]] within the rhizosphere. Even though plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, they have trouble obtaining and absorbing essential nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorus. [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] can easily obtain these nutrients, and since they live on plant roots, the plants can absorb them as well. The fungi get carbohydrates from the plants that they use for energy, so the relationship between them is symbiotic.		Bacteria, [[protozoa]], [[mites]], earthworms, and many other organisms live within the rhizosphere. [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] are one of the most important [[microorganisms]] within the rhizosphere. Even though plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, they have trouble obtaining and absorbing essential nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorus. [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] can easily obtain these nutrients, and since they live on plant roots, the plants can absorb them as well. The fungi get carbohydrates from the plants that they use for energy, so the relationship between them is symbiotic.


			== Methods ==


	=References=		=References=

Njhenshu: The LinkTitles extension automatically added links to existing pages (https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles).

2021-04-29T17:05:22Z

The LinkTitles extension automatically added links to existing pages (<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles">https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles</a>).

Seperreg at 12:40, 6 May 2019

2019-05-06T12:40:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:40, 6 May 2019
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	[[File:Rhizosphere.jpg\|left\|150px\|[9]\|thumb]]		[[File:Rhizosphere.jpg\|left\|150px\|[9]\|thumb]]
	:The rhizosphere is the portion of soil surrounding [[plant roots]], and it is a hot spot for life. It is influenced by chemicals secreted by plants through their roots, called '''''root exudation'''''. Different plants secrete different chemicals and compounds, so the environment is very unique to the local vegetation. Exudates can even alter the pH of the rhizosphere. The uniqueness of the rhizosphere from place to place and plant to plant explain the different types of [microorganisms] that inhabit it. [[File:Roots.jpg\|right\|[5]\|thumb]]		:The rhizosphere is the portion of soil surrounding [[plant roots]], and it is a hot spot for life. It is influenced by chemicals secreted by plants through their roots, called '''''root exudation'''''. Different plants secrete different chemicals and compounds, so the environment is very unique to the local vegetation. Exudates can even alter the pH of the rhizosphere. The uniqueness of the rhizosphere from place to place and plant to plant explain the different types of [microorganisms] that inhabit it. [[File:Roots.jpg\|right\|[5]\|thumb]]
	Depending on the type of plant, the rhizosphere can extend 2-80 mm away from the roots. In the vicinity of roots, the soil is significantly wetter, and the high moisture levels protect plants from drying out and contribute to the dense population of ~~micro organisms~~. '''''Rhizodeposition''''' is considered all the material lost from plant roots into the rhizosphere. This includes water soluble exudates, dead roots and root hairs, and gases, like carbon dioxide.		Depending on the type of plant, the rhizosphere can extend 2-80 mm away from the roots. In the vicinity of roots, the soil is significantly wetter, and the high moisture levels protect plants from drying out and contribute to the dense population of microorganisms. '''''Rhizodeposition''''' is considered all the material lost from plant roots into the rhizosphere. This includes water soluble exudates, dead roots and root hairs, and gases, like carbon dioxide.

	=Root Exudation=		=Root Exudation=

Seperreg at 11:37, 6 May 2019

2019-05-06T11:37:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:37, 6 May 2019
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	[[File:Rhizosphere.jpg\|left\|150px\|[9]\|thumb]]		[[File:Rhizosphere.jpg\|left\|150px\|[9]\|thumb]]
	:The rhizosphere is the portion of soil surrounding [[plant roots]], and it is a hot spot for life. It is influenced by chemicals secreted by plants through their roots, called '''''root exudation'''''. Different plants secrete different chemicals and compounds, so the environment is very unique to the local vegetation. Exudates can even alter the pH of the rhizosphere. The uniqueness of the rhizosphere from place to place and plant to plant explain the different types of [microorganisms] that inhabit it. [[File:Roots.jpg\|right\|[5]\|thumb]]		:The rhizosphere is the portion of soil surrounding [[plant roots]], and it is a hot spot for life. It is influenced by chemicals secreted by plants through their roots, called '''''root exudation'''''. Different plants secrete different chemicals and compounds, so the environment is very unique to the local vegetation. Exudates can even alter the pH of the rhizosphere. The uniqueness of the rhizosphere from place to place and plant to plant explain the different types of [microorganisms] that inhabit it. [[File:Roots.jpg\|right\|[5]\|thumb]]
	Depending on the type of plant, the rhizosphere can extend 2-80 mm away from the roots. In the vicinity of roots, the soil is significantly wetter, and the high moisture levels protect plants from drying out and contribute to the dense population of ~~microorganisms~~. '''''Rhizodeposition''''' is considered all the material lost from plant roots into the rhizosphere. This includes water soluble exudates, dead roots and root hairs, and gases, like carbon dioxide.		Depending on the type of plant, the rhizosphere can extend 2-80 mm away from the roots. In the vicinity of roots, the soil is significantly wetter, and the high moisture levels protect plants from drying out and contribute to the dense population of micro organisms. '''''Rhizodeposition''''' is considered all the material lost from plant roots into the rhizosphere. This includes water soluble exudates, dead roots and root hairs, and gases, like carbon dioxide.

	=Root Exudation=		=Root Exudation=

Seperreg at 11:37, 6 May 2019

2019-05-06T11:37:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:37, 6 May 2019
Line 3:		Line 3:
	[[File:Rhizosphere.jpg\|left\|150px\|[9]\|thumb]]		[[File:Rhizosphere.jpg\|left\|150px\|[9]\|thumb]]
	:The rhizosphere is the portion of soil surrounding [[plant roots]], and it is a hot spot for life. It is influenced by chemicals secreted by plants through their roots, called '''''root exudation'''''. Different plants secrete different chemicals and compounds, so the environment is very unique to the local vegetation. Exudates can even alter the pH of the rhizosphere. The uniqueness of the rhizosphere from place to place and plant to plant explain the different types of [microorganisms] that inhabit it. [[File:Roots.jpg\|right\|[5]\|thumb]]		:The rhizosphere is the portion of soil surrounding [[plant roots]], and it is a hot spot for life. It is influenced by chemicals secreted by plants through their roots, called '''''root exudation'''''. Different plants secrete different chemicals and compounds, so the environment is very unique to the local vegetation. Exudates can even alter the pH of the rhizosphere. The uniqueness of the rhizosphere from place to place and plant to plant explain the different types of [microorganisms] that inhabit it. [[File:Roots.jpg\|right\|[5]\|thumb]]
	Depending on the type of plant, the rhizosphere can extend 2-80 mm away from the roots. In the vicinity of roots, the soil is significantly wetter, and the high moisture levels protect plants from drying out and contribute to the dense population of [[microorganisms]]. '''''Rhizodeposition''''' is considered all the material lost from plant roots into the rhizosphere. This includes water soluble exudates, dead roots and root hairs, and gases, like carbon dioxide.		Depending on the type of plant, the rhizosphere can extend 2-80 mm away from the roots. In the vicinity of roots, the soil is significantly wetter, and the high moisture levels protect plants from drying out and contribute to the dense population of microorganisms. '''''Rhizodeposition''''' is considered all the material lost from plant roots into the rhizosphere. This includes water soluble exudates, dead roots and root hairs, and gases, like carbon dioxide.

	=Root Exudation=		=Root Exudation=

Seperreg at 17:31, 2 May 2019

2019-05-02T17:31:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:31, 2 May 2019
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	=Habitat=		=Habitat=
	[[File:mycorrhizal.jpg\|left\|~~190px~~\|Mycorrhizal Fungi [3]\|thumb]]		[[File:mycorrhizal.jpg\|left\|200px\|Mycorrhizal Fungi [3]\|thumb]]
	The rhizosphere supports a diverse and densely populated microbial community. There are different types of interactions that occur between the plants and microbes in the rhizosphere.		The rhizosphere supports a diverse and densely populated microbial community. There are different types of interactions that occur between the plants and microbes in the rhizosphere.
	*Pathogenic microbes invade and kill the plant.		*Pathogenic microbes invade and kill the plant.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:05, 29 April 2021
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	=Overview=		=Overview=
	[[File:Rhizosphere.jpg\|left\|150px\|[9]\|thumb]]		[[File:Rhizosphere.jpg\|left\|150px\|[9]\|thumb]]
	:The rhizosphere is the portion of soil surrounding [[plant roots]], and it is a hot spot for life. It is influenced by chemicals secreted by plants through their roots, called '''''root exudation'''''. Different plants secrete different chemicals and compounds, so the environment is very unique to the local vegetation. Exudates can even alter the pH of the rhizosphere. The uniqueness of the rhizosphere from place to place and plant to plant explain the different types of [microorganisms] that inhabit it. [[File:Roots.jpg\|right\|[5]\|thumb]]		:The rhizosphere is the portion of [[soil]] surrounding [[plant roots]], and it is a hot spot for life. It is influenced by chemicals secreted by plants through their roots, called '''''root exudation'''''. Different plants secrete different chemicals and compounds, so the environment is very unique to the local vegetation. Exudates can even alter the pH of the rhizosphere. The uniqueness of the rhizosphere from place to place and plant to plant explain the different types of [microorganisms] that inhabit it. [[File:Roots.jpg\|right\|[5]\|thumb]]
	Depending on the type of plant, the rhizosphere can extend 2-80 mm away from the roots. In the vicinity of roots, the soil is significantly wetter, and the high moisture levels protect plants from drying out and contribute to the dense population of microorganisms. '''''Rhizodeposition''''' is considered all the material lost from plant roots into the rhizosphere. This includes water soluble exudates, dead roots and root hairs, and gases, like carbon dioxide.		Depending on the type of plant, the rhizosphere can extend 2-80 mm away from the roots. In the vicinity of roots, the soil is significantly wetter, and the high moisture levels protect plants from drying out and contribute to the dense population of microorganisms. '''''Rhizodeposition''''' is considered all the material lost from plant roots into the rhizosphere. This includes water soluble exudates, dead roots and [[root hairs]], and gases, like carbon dioxide.

	=Root Exudation=		=Root Exudation=
	[[File:rootexudate.jpg\|right\|175px\|Root Exudation [2]\|thumb]]		[[File:rootexudate.jpg\|right\|175px\|Root Exudation [2]\|thumb]]
	Root exudation is the process of chemical excretion from the roots of plants as a means of interaction with the other organisms in soil. Amino acids, carbohydrates, sugars, and vitamins are all examples of exudates. In order for a plant to survive and thrive, it must have the ability to detect and perceive changes in the local environment. It is also one of the most important factors affecting microbial life and growth. ''Root to root'' and ''root to microbe'' commmunication are two types of interactions that occur in the rhizosphere due to root exudation.		Root exudation is the process of chemical excretion from the roots of plants as a means of interaction with the other [[organisms]] in soil. Amino acids, carbohydrates, sugars, and vitamins are all examples of exudates. In order for a plant to survive and thrive, it must have the ability to detect and perceive changes in the local environment. It is also one of the most important factors affecting microbial life and growth. ''Root to root'' and ''root to microbe'' commmunication are two types of interactions that occur in the rhizosphere due to root exudation.
	:*'''''Root to Root''''' interaction includes the growth and development of other plants nearby. The chemical messages sent out in root exudation are signals to prevent invading roots.		:*'''''Root to Root''''' interaction includes the growth and development of other plants nearby. The chemical messages sent out in root exudation are signals to prevent invading roots.
	:*'''''Root to microbe''''' interaction can be used in both positive and negative situations. ''Positive'' communication is used in order to attract [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] colonization on the root as well as nitrogen fixing bacteria. To create nodulation of fungi on their roots, the plants secrete [[flavonoids]] that attract the organisms. ''Negative'' communication is used when plants need to defend themselves from parasitic [[microorganisms]] and pathogenic bacteria. In these cases, defense proteins are secreted and continuously attack pathogens.		:*'''''Root to microbe''''' interaction can be used in both positive and negative situations. ''Positive'' communication is used in order to attract [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] colonization on the root as well as nitrogen fixing bacteria. To create nodulation of fungi on their roots, the plants secrete [[flavonoids]] that attract the organisms. ''Negative'' communication is used when plants need to defend themselves from parasitic [[microorganisms]] and pathogenic bacteria. In these cases, defense proteins are secreted and continuously attack pathogens.
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	*Saprophytic microbes live off of dead roots and plants.		*Saprophytic microbes live off of dead roots and plants.

	Bacteria, protozoa, [[mites]], earthworms, and many other organisms live within the rhizosphere. [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] are one of the most important [[microorganisms]] within the rhizosphere. Even though plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, they have trouble obtaining and absorbing essential nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorus. [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] can easily obtain these nutrients, and since they live on plant roots, the plants can absorb them as well. The fungi get carbohydrates from the plants that they use for energy, so the relationship between them is symbiotic.		Bacteria, [[protozoa]], [[mites]], earthworms, and many other organisms live within the rhizosphere. [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] are one of the most important [[microorganisms]] within the rhizosphere. Even though plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, they have trouble obtaining and absorbing essential nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorus. [[Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi]] can easily obtain these nutrients, and since they live on plant roots, the plants can absorb them as well. The fungi get carbohydrates from the plants that they use for energy, so the relationship between them is symbiotic.

	=References=		=References=