Organic Matter - Revision history

Cchorose at 03:10, 3 May 2022

2022-05-03T03:10:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:10, 2 May 2022
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	=== Humus ===		=== Humus ===
	~~Humus is the~~		It has been established that soil organic matter is formed from decomposed plant and animal tissue. Humus is considered to be the stable portion of the soil organic matter; it is the final product of [[decomposition]], forming in a process referred to as "humification." It generally exists as a complex aggregate of brown to dark colored amorphous substances, which have originated during decomposition, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions; this usually occurs in soils, composts, peat bogs, and water basins. Different humus types can be represented in an advanced state of decomposition, produced from various plant residues at different periods during prehistoric times, and later stratified and compressed by superimposed layers of mineral matter<ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of Humus and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>.
	~~stable fraction of the soil organic matter that is~~
	~~formed from decomposed plant and animal~~
	~~tissue. It is the final product of [[decomposition]].~~
	It has been established that soil organic matter is formed from decomposed plant and animal tissue. Humus is considered to be the stable portion of the soil organic matter; it is the final product of decomposition, forming in a process referred to as "humification." It generally exists as a complex aggregate of brown to dark colored amorphous substances, which have originated during decomposition, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions; this usually occurs in soils, composts, peat bogs, and water basins. Different humus types can be represented in an advanced state of decomposition, produced from various plant residues at different periods during prehistoric times, and later stratified and compressed by superimposed layers of mineral matter<ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of Humus and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>.

	== Importance of Organic Matter ==		== Importance of Organic Matter ==

Cchorose: Some grammar edits and rewording for improved understanding

2022-05-03T03:09:01Z

Some grammar edits and rewording for improved understanding

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:09, 2 May 2022
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	[[Soil]] organic matter is the fraction of the soil that consists of plant or animal tissue in various stages of ~~breakdown (~~[[decomposition]]). <ref>Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,Soil Organic Matter, Agronomy Fact Sheet Series - Fact Sheet 41, Cornell University Cooporative Exentensive.</ref> Soil organic matter ~~takes~~ only a ~~few~~ percent of most soils, but it has a great deal of influence on soil [[properties]] and agricultural productivity. <ref> Grubinger, V. Soil Organic Matter: The Living, the Dead, and the Very Dead https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/soilorganicmatter.html. </ref> In the production of a fertile soil, organic substances play a direct part as they are the sources of plant nutrients which are liberated in available forms during mineralization. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of [[Humus]] and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>		[[Soil]] organic matter is the fraction of the soil that consists of plant or animal tissue in various stages of [[decomposition\|breakdown]]<ref>Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,Soil Organic Matter, Agronomy Fact Sheet Series - Fact Sheet 41, Cornell University Cooporative Exentensive.</ref>. Soil organic matter makes up only a small percent of most soils, but it has a great deal of influence on soil [[properties]] and agricultural productivity<ref> Grubinger, V. Soil Organic Matter: The Living, the Dead, and the Very Dead https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/soilorganicmatter.html. </ref>. In the production of a fertile soil, organic substances play a direct part as they are the sources of plant nutrients which are liberated in available forms during mineralization. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of [[Humus]] and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>

	[[File:Organicmatter.jpg\|thumb\|Close-up of a wetland,showing multiple sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) <ref> USGS, What is organic matter?, https://www.usgs.gov/labs/organic-matter-research-laboratory/what-organic-matter-0.</ref>]]		[[File:Organicmatter.jpg\|thumb\|Close-up of a wetland,showing multiple sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) <ref> USGS, What is organic matter?, https://www.usgs.gov/labs/organic-matter-research-laboratory/what-organic-matter-0.</ref>]]


	==~~'''~~Formation Sources~~'''~~==		== Formation Sources ==

	=== Plant residues and microbial biomass ===		=== Plant residues and microbial biomass ===
	[[File:Microbiomass.png\|thumb\|The main soil properties affecting the microbial biomass and factors influenced by it. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>]]		[[File:Microbiomass.png\|thumb\|The main soil properties affecting the microbial biomass and factors influenced by it. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>]]
	Microbial biomass (bacteria and fungi) is a measure of the mass of the living component of soil organic matter. The microbial ~~biomass~~ decompose plant and animal residues and soil organic matter to release carbon dioxide and ~~plant~~ available ~~nutrients~~. Farming ~~systems~~ that return plant residues (e.g. no-tillage) tend to increase the microbial biomass. Soil properties such as pH, [[clay]], and the availability of organic carbon all influence the size of the microbial biomass. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>		Microbial biomass (bacteria and fungi) is a measure of the mass of the living component of soil organic matter. The microbial component - microorganisms - decompose plant and animal residues and soil organic matter to release carbon dioxide and nutrients available to plants. Farming strategies that return plant residues (e.g. no-tillage) tend to increase the microbial biomass. Soil properties such as [[Soil pH\|pH]], [[clay]], and the availability of organic carbon all influence the size of the microbial biomass. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>

	=== Detritus ===		=== Detritus ===
	[[File:Detritus.jpg\|thumb\|Detritus]]		[[File:Detritus.jpg\|thumb\|Detritus]]
	Detritus is living organic matter composed of leaves and other plant parts, animal remains, waste products, and other organic debris that falls onto the soil or into bodies of water from surrounding terrestrial communities. [[Microorganisms]] (such as bacteria or fungi) break down detritus, and this microorganism-rich material is eaten by [[invertebrates]], which are in turn eaten by vertebrates. Many freshwater streams have detritus rather than living plants as their energy base. <ref> Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/detritus</ref>		Detritus is living organic matter composed of leaves and other plant parts, animal remains, waste products, and other organic debris that falls onto the soil or into bodies of water from surrounding terrestrial communities. [[Microorganisms]] (such as bacteria or fungi) break down detritus, and this microorganism-rich material is eaten by [[invertebrates]], which are in turn eaten by vertebrates. Many freshwater streams have detritus rather than living plants as their energy base<ref> Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/detritus</ref>.

	=== Humus ===		=== Humus ===
	Humus is ~~considered as~~ the stable soil organic matter ~~exists as a complex~~ formed ~~in soils~~ that ~~are generated~~ from plant ~~residues~~ in ~~different formats by~~ a ~~special~~ process of "humification"~~. A~~ complex aggregate of brown to dark colored amorphous substances, which have originated during ~~the~~ decomposition ~~of plant and animal residues by microorganisms~~, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, usually in soils, composts, peat bogs, and water basins. Different humus types can be represented in an advanced state of decomposition, produced from various plant residues at different periods during prehistoric times, and later stratified and compressed by superimposed layers of mineral matter. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of Humus and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>		Humus is the
			stable fraction of the soil organic matter that is
			formed from decomposed plant and animal
			tissue. It is the final product of [[decomposition]].
			It has been established that soil organic matter is formed from decomposed plant and animal tissue. Humus is considered to be the stable portion of the soil organic matter; it is the final product of decomposition, forming in a process referred to as "humification." It generally exists as a complex aggregate of brown to dark colored amorphous substances, which have originated during decomposition, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions; this usually occurs in soils, composts, peat bogs, and water basins. Different humus types can be represented in an advanced state of decomposition, produced from various plant residues at different periods during prehistoric times, and later stratified and compressed by superimposed layers of mineral matter<ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of Humus and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>.

	==~~'''Importantce~~ of Organic Matter~~'''~~==		== Importance of Organic Matter ==

	=== Physical Benefits ===		=== Physical Benefits ===
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	=== Chemical Benefits ===		=== Chemical Benefits ===
	* Improves the capacity of a soil to store and supply essential nutrients (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium).		* Improves the capacity of a soil to store and supply essential nutrients (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium).
	* Improves the ability of a soil to resist pH change (buffering capacity).		* Improves the ability of a soil to resist [[Soil pH\|pH]] change (buffering capacity).
	* Improves the capacity of a soil to retain toxic elements.		* Improves the capacity of a soil to retain toxic elements.
	* Allows the soil to cope with changes in soil acidity.		* Allows the soil to cope with changes in soil acidity.
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	* Drcrease the emssions of CO<sup>2</sup> to the atmostphere by capturing carbon in the soil, and hence mitigates climate change. <ref> European Commission, 2016, Soil Organic Matter Matters: Investing in Soil Quality for Long-term Benefits.</ref>		* Drcrease the emssions of CO<sup>2</sup> to the atmostphere by capturing carbon in the soil, and hence mitigates climate change. <ref> European Commission, 2016, Soil Organic Matter Matters: Investing in Soil Quality for Long-term Benefits.</ref>

	==~~'''~~Organic Matter Management~~'''~~==		== Organic Matter Management ==
	Proper farm practices can help to maintain or increase soil organic matter levels.		Proper farm practices can help to maintain or increase soil organic matter levels.
	* Use of conservation tillage practices (e.g. zone tillage or no-till): tillage exposes the organic matter and results in the decrease of the amount of stable organic matter due to increased mineralization rates and erosion losses.		* Use of conservation tillage practices (e.g. zone tillage or no-till); tillage exposes the organic matter and results in the decrease of the amount of stable organic matter due to increased mineralization rates and erosion losses.
	* Rotation of annual row crops with perennial grass or legume sods: this reduces erosion and ~~build~~ up organic matter as a result of the decomposition of the ~~rootmass~~.		* Rotation of annual row crops with perennial grass or legume sods: this reduces erosion and builds up organic matter as a result of the decomposition of the root mass.
	* Establish legume cover crops: this enhances organic matter accumulation by providing the nitrogen needed for decomposition of freshly added organic materials, especially those with a high C to N ratio (e.g. corn stover, cereal, straw, heavily bedded manure).		* Establish legume cover crops: this enhances organic matter accumulation by providing the nitrogen needed for decomposition of freshly added organic materials, especially those with a high C to N ratio (e.g. corn stover, cereal, straw, heavily bedded manure).
	* Avoid soil compaction: this increases ~~waterlogging~~.		* Avoid soil compaction: this increases water-logging.
	* Maintain proper pH: this enhances microbial activity and decomposition of freshly added materials. <ref> Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Soil Organic Matter, Agronomy Fact Sheet Series, Fact Sheet 41.</ref>		* Maintain proper [[Soil pH\|pH]]: this enhances microbial activity and decomposition of freshly added materials. <ref> Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Soil Organic Matter, Agronomy Fact Sheet Series, Fact Sheet 41.</ref>

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

Hzhang45: /* Humus */

2022-05-01T16:08:19Z

Humus

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:08, 1 May 2022
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	=== Humus ===		=== Humus ===
	Humus is considered as the stable soil organic matter exists as a complex formed in soils that are generated from plant residues in different formats by a special process of "humification". A complex aggregate of brown to dark colored amorphous substances, which have originated during the decomposition of plant and animal residues by microorganisms, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, usually in soils, composts, peat bogs, and water basins'. Different humus types can be represented in an advanced state of decomposition, produced from various plant residues at different periods during prehistoric times, and later stratified and compressed by superimposed layers of mineral matter. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of Humus and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>		Humus is considered as the stable soil organic matter exists as a complex formed in soils that are generated from plant residues in different formats by a special process of "humification". A complex aggregate of brown to dark colored amorphous substances, which have originated during the decomposition of plant and animal residues by microorganisms, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, usually in soils, composts, peat bogs, and water basins. Different humus types can be represented in an advanced state of decomposition, produced from various plant residues at different periods during prehistoric times, and later stratified and compressed by superimposed layers of mineral matter. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of Humus and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>

	=='''Importantce of Organic Matter'''==		=='''Importantce of Organic Matter'''==

Colincli: /* Humus */

2022-04-25T23:17:33Z

Humus

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:17, 25 April 2022
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	=== Humus ===		=== Humus ===
	Humus is considered as the stable soil organic matter exists as a complex formed in soils that are generated from plant residues in different formats by a special process of "humification". 'A complex aggregate of brown to dark colored amorphous substances, which have originated during the decomposition of plant and animal residues by microorganisms, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, usually in soils, composts, peat bogs, and water basins'. Different humus types can be represented in an advanced state of decomposition, produced from various plant residues at different periods during prehistoric times, and later stratified and compressed by superimposed layers of mineral matter. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of Humus and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>		Humus is considered as the stable soil organic matter exists as a complex formed in soils that are generated from plant residues in different formats by a special process of "humification". A complex aggregate of brown to dark colored amorphous substances, which have originated during the decomposition of plant and animal residues by microorganisms, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, usually in soils, composts, peat bogs, and water basins'. Different humus types can be represented in an advanced state of decomposition, produced from various plant residues at different periods during prehistoric times, and later stratified and compressed by superimposed layers of mineral matter. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of Humus and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>

	=='''Importantce of Organic Matter'''==		=='''Importantce of Organic Matter'''==

Hzhang45: /* Formation Sources */

2022-04-22T14:36:18Z

Formation Sources

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	=== Detritus ===		=== Detritus ===
	[[File:~~detritus~~.jpg\|thumb\|Detritus]]		[[File:Detritus.jpg\|thumb\|Detritus]]
	Detritus is living organic matter composed of leaves and other plant parts, animal remains, waste products, and other organic debris that falls onto the soil or into bodies of water from surrounding terrestrial communities. [[Microorganisms]] (such as bacteria or fungi) break down detritus, and this microorganism-rich material is eaten by [[invertebrates]], which are in turn eaten by vertebrates. Many freshwater streams have detritus rather than living plants as their energy base. <ref> Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/detritus</ref>		Detritus is living organic matter composed of leaves and other plant parts, animal remains, waste products, and other organic debris that falls onto the soil or into bodies of water from surrounding terrestrial communities. [[Microorganisms]] (such as bacteria or fungi) break down detritus, and this microorganism-rich material is eaten by [[invertebrates]], which are in turn eaten by vertebrates. Many freshwater streams have detritus rather than living plants as their energy base. <ref> Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/detritus</ref>

Hzhang45: /* Formation Sources */

2022-04-22T14:35:27Z

Formation Sources

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:35, 22 April 2022
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	=== Plant residues and microbial biomass ===		=== Plant residues and microbial biomass ===
	[[File:~~microbiomass~~.png\|thumb\|The main soil properties affecting the microbial biomass and factors influenced by it. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>]]		[[File:Microbiomass.png\|thumb\|The main soil properties affecting the microbial biomass and factors influenced by it. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>]]
	Microbial biomass (bacteria and fungi) is a measure of the mass of the living component of soil organic matter. The microbial biomass decompose plant and animal residues and soil organic matter to release carbon dioxide and plant available nutrients. Farming systems that return plant residues (e.g. no-tillage) tend to increase the microbial biomass. Soil properties such as pH, [[clay]], and the availability of organic carbon all influence the size of the microbial biomass. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>		Microbial biomass (bacteria and fungi) is a measure of the mass of the living component of soil organic matter. The microbial biomass decompose plant and animal residues and soil organic matter to release carbon dioxide and plant available nutrients. Farming systems that return plant residues (e.g. no-tillage) tend to increase the microbial biomass. Soil properties such as pH, [[clay]], and the availability of organic carbon all influence the size of the microbial biomass. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>

Hzhang45 at 14:29, 22 April 2022

2022-04-22T14:29:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:29, 22 April 2022
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	[[Soil]] organic matter is the fraction of the soil that consists of plant or animal tissue in various stages of breakdown ([[decomposition]]). <ref>Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,Soil Organic Matter, Agronomy Fact Sheet Series - Fact Sheet 41, Cornell University Cooporative Exentensive.</ref> Soil organic matter takes only a few percent of most soils, but it has a great deal of influence on soil [[properties]] and agricultural productivity. <ref> Grubinger, V. Soil Organic Matter: The Living, the Dead, and the Very Dead https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/soilorganicmatter.html. </ref> In the production of a fertile soil, organic substances play a direct part as they are the sources of plant nutrients which are liberated in available forms during mineralization. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of [[Humus]] and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>		[[Soil]] organic matter is the fraction of the soil that consists of plant or animal tissue in various stages of breakdown ([[decomposition]]). <ref>Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,Soil Organic Matter, Agronomy Fact Sheet Series - Fact Sheet 41, Cornell University Cooporative Exentensive.</ref> Soil organic matter takes only a few percent of most soils, but it has a great deal of influence on soil [[properties]] and agricultural productivity. <ref> Grubinger, V. Soil Organic Matter: The Living, the Dead, and the Very Dead https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/soilorganicmatter.html. </ref> In the production of a fertile soil, organic substances play a direct part as they are the sources of plant nutrients which are liberated in available forms during mineralization. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of [[Humus]] and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>

	[[File:~~organicmatter~~.jpg\|thumb\|Close-up of a wetland,showing multiple sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) <ref> USGS, What is organic matter?, https://www.usgs.gov/labs/organic-matter-research-laboratory/what-organic-matter-0.</ref>]]		[[File:Organicmatter.jpg\|thumb\|Close-up of a wetland,showing multiple sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) <ref> USGS, What is organic matter?, https://www.usgs.gov/labs/organic-matter-research-laboratory/what-organic-matter-0.</ref>]]

Hzhang45 at 03:11, 9 April 2022

2022-04-09T03:11:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:11, 8 April 2022
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	=== Detritus ===		=== Detritus ===
			[[File:detritus.jpg\|thumb\|Detritus]]
	Detritus is living organic matter composed of leaves and other plant parts, animal remains, waste products, and other organic debris that falls onto the soil or into bodies of water from surrounding terrestrial communities. [[Microorganisms]] (such as bacteria or fungi) break down detritus, and this microorganism-rich material is eaten by [[invertebrates]], which are in turn eaten by vertebrates. Many freshwater streams have detritus rather than living plants as their energy base. <ref> Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/detritus</ref>		Detritus is living organic matter composed of leaves and other plant parts, animal remains, waste products, and other organic debris that falls onto the soil or into bodies of water from surrounding terrestrial communities. [[Microorganisms]] (such as bacteria or fungi) break down detritus, and this microorganism-rich material is eaten by [[invertebrates]], which are in turn eaten by vertebrates. Many freshwater streams have detritus rather than living plants as their energy base. <ref> Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/detritus</ref>

Hzhang45 at 03:08, 9 April 2022

2022-04-09T03:08:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:08, 8 April 2022
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	=== Plant residues and microbial biomass ===		=== Plant residues and microbial biomass ===
			[[File:microbiomass.png\|thumb\|The main soil properties affecting the microbial biomass and factors influenced by it. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>]]
	Microbial biomass (bacteria and fungi) is a measure of the mass of the living component of soil organic matter. The microbial biomass decompose plant and animal residues and soil organic matter to release carbon dioxide and plant available nutrients. Farming systems that return plant residues (e.g. no-tillage) tend to increase the microbial biomass. Soil properties such as pH, [[clay]], and the availability of organic carbon all influence the size of the microbial biomass. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>		Microbial biomass (bacteria and fungi) is a measure of the mass of the living component of soil organic matter. The microbial biomass decompose plant and animal residues and soil organic matter to release carbon dioxide and plant available nutrients. Farming systems that return plant residues (e.g. no-tillage) tend to increase the microbial biomass. Soil properties such as pH, [[clay]], and the availability of organic carbon all influence the size of the microbial biomass. <ref> Soil Quality Fact Sheet. https://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/microbial-biomass#:~:text=Microbial%20biomass%20(bacteria%20and%20fungi,dioxide%20and%20plant%20available%20nutrients.</ref>

Hzhang45 at 03:04, 9 April 2022

2022-04-09T03:04:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:04, 8 April 2022
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	[[Soil]] organic matter is the fraction of the soil that consists of plant or animal tissue in various stages of breakdown ([[decomposition]]). <ref>Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,Soil Organic Matter, Agronomy Fact Sheet Series - Fact Sheet 41, Cornell University Cooporative Exentensive.</ref> Soil organic matter takes only a few percent of most soils, but it has a great deal of influence on soil [[properties]] and agricultural productivity. <ref> Grubinger, V. Soil Organic Matter: The Living, the Dead, and the Very Dead https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/soilorganicmatter.html. </ref> In the production of a fertile soil, organic substances play a direct part as they are the sources of plant nutrients which are liberated in available forms during mineralization. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of [[Humus]] and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>		[[Soil]] organic matter is the fraction of the soil that consists of plant or animal tissue in various stages of breakdown ([[decomposition]]). <ref>Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,Soil Organic Matter, Agronomy Fact Sheet Series - Fact Sheet 41, Cornell University Cooporative Exentensive.</ref> Soil organic matter takes only a few percent of most soils, but it has a great deal of influence on soil [[properties]] and agricultural productivity. <ref> Grubinger, V. Soil Organic Matter: The Living, the Dead, and the Very Dead https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/soilorganicmatter.html. </ref> In the production of a fertile soil, organic substances play a direct part as they are the sources of plant nutrients which are liberated in available forms during mineralization. <ref> Senn, T. L. and Alta R. Kingman, 1973, A review of [[Humus]] and Humic Acids. Research Series No. 145, S. C. Agricultural Experiment Station, Clemson, South Carolina.</ref>

			[[File:organicmatter.jpg\|thumb\|Close-up of a wetland,showing multiple sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) <ref> USGS, What is organic matter?, https://www.usgs.gov/labs/organic-matter-research-laboratory/what-organic-matter-0.</ref>]]