Ghost Ant - Revision history

Njhenshu: The LinkTitles extension automatically added links to existing pages (https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles).

2025-05-02T19:17:15Z

The LinkTitles extension automatically added links to existing pages (https://github.com/bovender/LinkTitles).

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:17, 2 May 2025
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	! scope="row" \| Classification		! scope="row" \| Classification
	\| Animalia		\| Animalia
	\| Arthropoda		\| [[Arthropoda]]
	\| Insecta		\| Insecta
	\| [[Hymenoptera]]		\| [[Hymenoptera]]

Kadencam at 18:35, 30 April 2025

2025-04-30T18:35:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:35, 30 April 2025
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	\|}		\|}


			==Species Description==
	[[File: Ghost_Ant_Side_Profile.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|left\|The image shows a clear side profile of a mature ghost ant worker.<ref name= "AntWeb">“Specimen: CASENT0008659 Tapinoma melanocephalum.” AntWeb, https://www.antweb.org/bigPicture.do?name=casent0008659&shot=p&number=1</ref>]]		[[File: Ghost_Ant_Side_Profile.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|left\|The image shows a clear side profile of a mature ghost ant worker.<ref name= "AntWeb">“Specimen: CASENT0008659 Tapinoma melanocephalum.” AntWeb, https://www.antweb.org/bigPicture.do?name=casent0008659&shot=p&number=1</ref>]]

	~~==Species Description==~~

	The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>		The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>

Kjburke2: Minor grammatical corrections

2025-04-03T17:20:24Z

Minor grammatical corrections

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:20, 3 April 2025
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	==Diet==		==Diet==

	Ghost ants are generalists and omnivores. In an outdoor setting, the worker ants of the colonies will go out and forage for food such as small insect larvae, living and dead insects, as well as food that is higher in carbohydrate concentrations such as honeydew. The honeydew that is harvested is secreted by aphids or other insects that primarily feed on plant material. The worker ants will bring these foods back to their colonies to share with the other workers and the queens.<ref name= "UWI"/><ref name= "Terro">“Common Ant Species: Ghost Ants” Terro, https://www.terro.com/ghost-ants#:~:text=Diet,ghost%20ants%20usually%20prefer%20sweets.</ref> Because the species is a common pest species that tends to nest indoors in search of food, they will typically change their diet in an indoor setting. While they are indoors, they will forage for sweeter food sources and also gather near areas with greasy food residues such as stovetops or trash cans.<ref name= "Imperial"/>		Ghost ants are generalists and omnivores. In an outdoor setting, the worker ants of the colonies will go out and forage for food such as small insect larvae, living and dead insects, as well as food that is higher in carbohydrate concentrations such as honeydew. The honeydew that is harvested is secreted by aphids or other insects that primarily feed on plant material. The worker ants will bring these foods back to their colonies to share with the other workers and the queens.<ref name= "UWI"/><ref name= "Terro">“Common Ant Species: Ghost Ants” Terro, https://www.terro.com/ghost-ants#:~:text=Diet,ghost%20ants%20usually%20prefer%20sweets.</ref> Because the species is a common pest species that tends to nest indoors in search of food, they will typically change their diet in an indoor setting. While they are indoors, they will forage for sweeter food sources and also gather near areas with greasy food residues, such as stovetops or trash cans.<ref name= "Imperial"/>

	==Life Cycle==		==Life Cycle==
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	[[File: Kissing_Bug.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|The image shows an adult kissing bug (''R. prolixus''), one of the main vectors of Chagas' Disease.<ref name= "NBC">“This deadly 'kissing bug' has been mostly ignored. It shouldn't be, this author says.” NBC News, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/deadly-kissing-bug-mostly-ignored-shouldnt-author-says-rcna1678</ref>]]		[[File: Kissing_Bug.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|The image shows an adult kissing bug (''R. prolixus''), one of the main vectors of Chagas' Disease.<ref name= "NBC">“This deadly 'kissing bug' has been mostly ignored. It shouldn't be, this author says.” NBC News, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/deadly-kissing-bug-mostly-ignored-shouldnt-author-says-rcna1678</ref>]]

	As previously mentioned, ''T. melanocephalum'' is a widespread invasive species, and due to its survivability is commonly seen as a pest among households. Because they consume honeydew as a food source, they have been observed protecting honeydew producing insects like aphids, which are another pest insect that can pose a threat in places like greenhouses. However, the ants also prey on the two-spotted spider mite (''Tetranychus urticae''), which is another harmful plant pest. Because of their acts predation and aggression towards the [[mites]], there is a slight benefit of having the ants around these areas.<ref name= "Spotlight">“Ant Spotlight: Ghost Ants” Hulett Environmental Services, https://www.bugs.com/blog/ant-spotlight-ghost-ants/</ref> ''T. melanocephalum'' has been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs. Even though the ants are not directly dangerous if contact with them is made, ghost ants have been noted to be carriers of pathogens such as ''Staphylococcus'', making the ants more dangerous if they are in buildings ~~like~~ hospitals.<ref name= "UWI"/> Although the ants have the likelihood to spread diseases to humans, they have also been known to prevent them. The ants have been seen feeding on the eggs of ''Rhodnius prolixus'', otherwise known as the kissing bug. The insect is one of the known vectors of Chagas' disease, which is known to cause afflicted people cardiac or neurological disorders if left untreated. In these areas, the rates of the disease appear to be lower.<ref name= "Gate">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)” ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224497252_Ghost_Ant_Tapinoma_melanocephalum_Fabricius_Insecta_Hymenoptera_Formicidae</ref><ref name= "WHO">“Chagas disease (also known as American trypanosomiasis)” World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chagas-disease-(american-trypanosomiasis)</ref>		As previously mentioned, ''T. melanocephalum'' is a widespread invasive species, and due to its survivability is commonly seen as a pest among households. Because they consume honeydew as a food source, they have been observed protecting honeydew producing insects like aphids, which are another pest insect that can pose a threat in places like greenhouses. However, the ants also prey on the two-spotted spider mite (''Tetranychus urticae''), which is another harmful plant pest. Because of their acts predation and aggression towards the [[mites]], there is a slight benefit of having the ants around these areas.<ref name= "Spotlight">“Ant Spotlight: Ghost Ants” Hulett Environmental Services, https://www.bugs.com/blog/ant-spotlight-ghost-ants/</ref> ''T. melanocephalum'' has been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs. Even though the ants are not directly dangerous if contact with them is made, ghost ants have been noted to be carriers of pathogens such as ''Staphylococcus'', making the ants more dangerous if they are in buildings such as hospitals.<ref name= "UWI"/> Although the ants have the likelihood to spread diseases to humans, they have also been known to prevent them. The ants have been seen feeding on the eggs of ''Rhodnius prolixus'', otherwise known as the kissing bug. The insect is one of the known vectors of Chagas' disease, which is known to cause afflicted people cardiac or neurological disorders if left untreated. In these areas, the rates of the disease appear to be lower.<ref name= "Gate">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)” ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224497252_Ghost_Ant_Tapinoma_melanocephalum_Fabricius_Insecta_Hymenoptera_Formicidae</ref><ref name= "WHO">“Chagas disease (also known as American trypanosomiasis)” World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chagas-disease-(american-trypanosomiasis)</ref>

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

Kadencam at 12:18, 31 March 2025

2025-03-31T12:18:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:18, 31 March 2025
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	==Life Cycle==		==Life Cycle==

			[[File: Ghost_Ant_Queen.jpg\|225px\|thumb\|left\|The image shows a queen ghost and along with workers, migrating to a new nest.<ref name= "NJ">“Ghost ant queens in Phuket, Thailand.” Ants New Jersey, https://antsnj.com/ghost-ant-queens-in-phuket-thailand</ref>]]


	''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' form colonies that have multiple queens, meaning they are polygynous. This is a standout feature for ghost ants, but the behavior is also seen in other ant species such as the [[Acorn ant\|acorn ant (''Temnothorax curvispinosus'')]]. The colony is unicolonial, which means that the ants live in separate nests with different queens, but they all work together and take care of each other. Each colony can consist of anywhere from 100 workers up to 1000 workers within the larger nests. Although ghost ant queens only survive for a few weeks, they are able mate and reproduce with fertile males within the colony and produce up to 5 eggs per day. Five eggs per day may seem miniscule in comparison to the large colony size, however due to the colonies having multiple fertile queens, their numbers are able to grow rapidly. Development of the new larvae takes anywhere between 16-52 days, and they go through 4 instars between the time they hatch until they reach adulthood.<ref name= "UWI"/> Ghost ant colonies also reproduce via budding. The colonies will carry out this behavior if they either need to expand their territory, or if there is a disturbance that threatens the survival of the colony. When this happens, the ants from the nest will relocate, and bring a queen, several workers, as well as eggs, larvae, and pupae. This behavior increases their survivability, and helps ghost ants expand to new territory, which is part of the reason why they are a highly adaptive and resistant invasive species.<ref name= "Imperial"/>		''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' form colonies that have multiple queens, meaning they are polygynous. This is a standout feature for ghost ants, but the behavior is also seen in other ant species such as the [[Acorn ant\|acorn ant (''Temnothorax curvispinosus'')]]. The colony is unicolonial, which means that the ants live in separate nests with different queens, but they all work together and take care of each other. Each colony can consist of anywhere from 100 workers up to 1000 workers within the larger nests. Although ghost ant queens only survive for a few weeks, they are able mate and reproduce with fertile males within the colony and produce up to 5 eggs per day. Five eggs per day may seem miniscule in comparison to the large colony size, however due to the colonies having multiple fertile queens, their numbers are able to grow rapidly. Development of the new larvae takes anywhere between 16-52 days, and they go through 4 instars between the time they hatch until they reach adulthood.<ref name= "UWI"/> Ghost ant colonies also reproduce via budding. The colonies will carry out this behavior if they either need to expand their territory, or if there is a disturbance that threatens the survival of the colony. When this happens, the ants from the nest will relocate, and bring a queen, several workers, as well as eggs, larvae, and pupae. This behavior increases their survivability, and helps ghost ants expand to new territory, which is part of the reason why they are a highly adaptive and resistant invasive species.<ref name= "Imperial"/>

Kadencam at 12:05, 31 March 2025

2025-03-31T12:05:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:05, 31 March 2025
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	==Ecological Significance==		==Ecological Significance==

			[[File: Kissing_Bug.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|The image shows an adult kissing bug (''R. prolixus''), one of the main vectors of Chagas' Disease.<ref name= "NBC">“This deadly 'kissing bug' has been mostly ignored. It shouldn't be, this author says.” NBC News, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/deadly-kissing-bug-mostly-ignored-shouldnt-author-says-rcna1678</ref>]]

	As previously mentioned, ''T. melanocephalum'' is a widespread invasive species, and due to its survivability is commonly seen as a pest among households. Because they consume honeydew as a food source, they have been observed protecting honeydew producing insects like aphids, which are another pest insect that can pose a threat in places like greenhouses. However, the ants also prey on the two-spotted spider mite (''Tetranychus urticae''), which is another harmful plant pest. Because of their acts predation and aggression towards the [[mites]], there is a slight benefit of having the ants around these areas.<ref name= "Spotlight">“Ant Spotlight: Ghost Ants” Hulett Environmental Services, https://www.bugs.com/blog/ant-spotlight-ghost-ants/</ref> ''T. melanocephalum'' has been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs. Even though the ants are not directly dangerous if contact with them is made, ghost ants have been noted to be carriers of pathogens such as ''Staphylococcus'', making the ants more dangerous if they are in buildings like hospitals.<ref name= "UWI"/> Although the ants have the likelihood to spread diseases to humans, they have also been known to prevent them. The ants have been seen feeding on the eggs of ''Rhodnius prolixus'', otherwise known as the kissing bug. The insect is one of the known vectors of Chagas' disease, which is known to cause afflicted people cardiac or neurological disorders if left untreated. In these areas, the rates of the disease appear to be lower.<ref name= "Gate">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)” ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224497252_Ghost_Ant_Tapinoma_melanocephalum_Fabricius_Insecta_Hymenoptera_Formicidae</ref><ref name= "WHO">“Chagas disease (also known as American trypanosomiasis)” World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chagas-disease-(american-trypanosomiasis)</ref>		As previously mentioned, ''T. melanocephalum'' is a widespread invasive species, and due to its survivability is commonly seen as a pest among households. Because they consume honeydew as a food source, they have been observed protecting honeydew producing insects like aphids, which are another pest insect that can pose a threat in places like greenhouses. However, the ants also prey on the two-spotted spider mite (''Tetranychus urticae''), which is another harmful plant pest. Because of their acts predation and aggression towards the [[mites]], there is a slight benefit of having the ants around these areas.<ref name= "Spotlight">“Ant Spotlight: Ghost Ants” Hulett Environmental Services, https://www.bugs.com/blog/ant-spotlight-ghost-ants/</ref> ''T. melanocephalum'' has been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs. Even though the ants are not directly dangerous if contact with them is made, ghost ants have been noted to be carriers of pathogens such as ''Staphylococcus'', making the ants more dangerous if they are in buildings like hospitals.<ref name= "UWI"/> Although the ants have the likelihood to spread diseases to humans, they have also been known to prevent them. The ants have been seen feeding on the eggs of ''Rhodnius prolixus'', otherwise known as the kissing bug. The insect is one of the known vectors of Chagas' disease, which is known to cause afflicted people cardiac or neurological disorders if left untreated. In these areas, the rates of the disease appear to be lower.<ref name= "Gate">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)” ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224497252_Ghost_Ant_Tapinoma_melanocephalum_Fabricius_Insecta_Hymenoptera_Formicidae</ref><ref name= "WHO">“Chagas disease (also known as American trypanosomiasis)” World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chagas-disease-(american-trypanosomiasis)</ref>

Kadencam at 11:49, 31 March 2025

2025-03-31T11:49:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:49, 31 March 2025
Line 37:		Line 37:
	==Diet==		==Diet==

	Ghost ants are omnivores. In an outdoor setting, the worker ants of the colonies will go out and forage for food such as small insect larvae, living and dead insects, as well as food that is higher in carbohydrate concentrations such as honeydew. The honeydew that is harvested is secreted by aphids or other insects that primarily feed on plant material. The worker ants will bring these foods back to their colonies to share with the other workers and the queens.<ref name= "UWI"/><ref name= "Terro">“Common Ant Species: Ghost Ants” Terro, https://www.terro.com/ghost-ants#:~:text=Diet,ghost%20ants%20usually%20prefer%20sweets.</ref> Because the species is a common pest species that tends to nest indoors in search of food, they will typically change their diet in an indoor setting. While they are indoors, they will forage for sweeter food sources and also gather near areas with greasy food residues such as stovetops or trash cans.<ref name= "Imperial"/>		Ghost ants are generalists and omnivores. In an outdoor setting, the worker ants of the colonies will go out and forage for food such as small insect larvae, living and dead insects, as well as food that is higher in carbohydrate concentrations such as honeydew. The honeydew that is harvested is secreted by aphids or other insects that primarily feed on plant material. The worker ants will bring these foods back to their colonies to share with the other workers and the queens.<ref name= "UWI"/><ref name= "Terro">“Common Ant Species: Ghost Ants” Terro, https://www.terro.com/ghost-ants#:~:text=Diet,ghost%20ants%20usually%20prefer%20sweets.</ref> Because the species is a common pest species that tends to nest indoors in search of food, they will typically change their diet in an indoor setting. While they are indoors, they will forage for sweeter food sources and also gather near areas with greasy food residues such as stovetops or trash cans.<ref name= "Imperial"/>

	==Life Cycle==		==Life Cycle==
Line 45:		Line 45:
	==Ecological Significance==		==Ecological Significance==

	As previously mentioned, ''T. melanocephalum'' is a widespread invasive species, and due to its survivability is commonly seen as a pest among households. Because they consume honeydew as a food source, they have been observed protecting honeydew producing insects like aphids, which are another pest insect that can pose a threat in places like greenhouses. However, the ants also prey on the two-spotted spider mite (''Tetranychus urticae''), which is another harmful plant pest. Because of their acts predation and aggression towards the [[mites]], there is a slight benefit of having the ants around these areas.<ref name= "Spotlight">“Ant Spotlight: Ghost Ants” Hulett Environmental Services, https://www.bugs.com/blog/ant-spotlight-ghost-ants/</ref> ''T. melanocephalum'' has been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs. Even though the ants are not directly dangerous if contact with them is made, ghost ants have been noted to be carriers of pathogens such as ''Staphylococcus'', making the ants more dangerous if they are in buildings like hospitals.<ref name= "UWI"/> ~~The ability for~~ the ants to ~~survive and make large colonies in homes~~ also ~~puts a strain~~ on ~~homeowners mentally~~, ~~and have been~~ known to ~~negatively affect their mental well being~~.<ref name= "~~Spotlight~~"/>		As previously mentioned, ''T. melanocephalum'' is a widespread invasive species, and due to its survivability is commonly seen as a pest among households. Because they consume honeydew as a food source, they have been observed protecting honeydew producing insects like aphids, which are another pest insect that can pose a threat in places like greenhouses. However, the ants also prey on the two-spotted spider mite (''Tetranychus urticae''), which is another harmful plant pest. Because of their acts predation and aggression towards the [[mites]], there is a slight benefit of having the ants around these areas.<ref name= "Spotlight">“Ant Spotlight: Ghost Ants” Hulett Environmental Services, https://www.bugs.com/blog/ant-spotlight-ghost-ants/</ref> ''T. melanocephalum'' has been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs. Even though the ants are not directly dangerous if contact with them is made, ghost ants have been noted to be carriers of pathogens such as ''Staphylococcus'', making the ants more dangerous if they are in buildings like hospitals.<ref name= "UWI"/> Although the ants have the likelihood to spread diseases to humans, they have also been known to prevent them. The ants have been seen feeding on the eggs of ''Rhodnius prolixus'', otherwise known as the kissing bug. The insect is one of the known vectors of Chagas' disease, which is known to cause afflicted people cardiac or neurological disorders if left untreated. In these areas, the rates of the disease appear to be lower.<ref name= "Gate">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)” ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224497252_Ghost_Ant_Tapinoma_melanocephalum_Fabricius_Insecta_Hymenoptera_Formicidae</ref><ref name= "WHO">“Chagas disease (also known as American trypanosomiasis)” World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chagas-disease-(american-trypanosomiasis)</ref>

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

Kadencam at 11:33, 31 March 2025

2025-03-31T11:33:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:33, 31 March 2025
Line 26:		Line 26:
	==Species Description==		==Species Description==

	The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>		The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>


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	[[File: Ghost_Ant_Distribution.jpg\|250px\|thumb\|right\|The map shows the distribution of known populations of ''Tapinoma melanocephalum''.<ref name= "UWI"/>]]		[[File: Ghost_Ant_Distribution.jpg\|250px\|thumb\|right\|The map shows the distribution of known populations of ''Tapinoma melanocephalum''.<ref name= "UWI"/>]]

	The ghost ant is an invasive species in many parts of the world. The origin of the ants was thought to be in the tropics of Africa or Asia.<ref name= "UWI">“Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost Ant).”UWI-The Online Guide to the [[Animals]] of Trinidad and Tobago, https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Tapinoma_melanocephalum%20-%20Ghost%20Ant.pdf</ref> Due to the rapid spread of the [[insects]], the exact location for their origin is unknown. They are found commonly in the Southern United States, in tropical environments like Florida, but have been seen in temperate climates, and have been identified as far north as Winnipeg, Canada.<ref name= "A&M"/> They are more common in tropical habitats, but due to the species being highly invasive and having a high survivability, they are able to inhabit temperate areas by nesting indoors. They are more likely to do this while they are in search of food, seeking protection from the harsh weather, or evading predators. Regardless, this behavior results in the species being labeled as a pest in residential areas. Typically though, they will nest in [[soil]] under places like rock, logs, or in leaf litter and rotting wood.<ref name= "Imperial"/> ~~The species has also been observed making their nests near jumping spiders~~, ~~and appear~~ to ~~have a symbiotic relationship~~ with ~~them~~. ~~The spiders will protect~~ the ants ~~from predation and parasitism~~, ~~while the ant nests provide a solid structure~~ to ~~form~~ the ~~basis~~ of ~~the jumping spider's webs~~.<ref name= "UWI"/>		The ghost ant is an invasive species in many parts of the world. The origin of the ants was thought to be in the tropics of Africa or Asia.<ref name= "UWI">“Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost Ant).”UWI-The Online Guide to the [[Animals]] of Trinidad and Tobago, https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Tapinoma_melanocephalum%20-%20Ghost%20Ant.pdf</ref> Due to the rapid spread of the [[insects]], the exact location for their origin is unknown. They are found commonly in the Southern United States, in tropical environments like Florida, but have been seen in temperate climates, and have been identified as far north as Winnipeg, Canada.<ref name= "A&M"/> They are more common in tropical habitats, but due to the species being highly invasive and having a high survivability, they are able to inhabit temperate areas by nesting indoors. They are more likely to do this while they are in search of food, seeking protection from the harsh weather, or evading predators. Regardless, this behavior results in the species being labeled as a pest in residential areas. Typically though, they will nest in [[soil]] under places like rock, logs, or in leaf litter and rotting wood.<ref name= "Imperial"/> Their incredible survivability is, largely due to their means of communication with other worker ants within the colony. By using pheromones to signal to other workers within their colony of 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one and actinidine, the ants can send out alarm signals to warn them of any violent encounters. Other pheromones are equally important, including signals sent to notify the colony of food sources.<ref name= "UWI"/>

	==Diet==		==Diet==
Line 41:		Line 41:
	==Life Cycle==		==Life Cycle==

	''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' form colonies that have multiple queens, meaning they are polygynous. This is a standout feature for ghost ants, but the behavior is also seen in other ant species such as the [[Acorn ant\|acorn ant (''Temnothorax curvispinosus'')]]. The colony is unicolonial, which means that the ants live in separate nests with different queens, but they all work together and take care of each other. Each colony can consist of anywhere from 100 workers up to 1000 workers within the larger nests. ~~Ghost~~ ant queens mate and reproduce with fertile males within the colony and produce up to 5 eggs per day. Five eggs per day may seem miniscule in comparison to the large colony size, however due to the colonies having multiple fertile queens, their numbers are able to grow rapidly.<ref name= "UWI"/> Ghost ant colonies also reproduce via budding. The colonies will carry out this behavior if they either need to expand their territory, or if there is a disturbance that threatens the survival of the colony. When this happens, the ants from the nest will relocate, and bring a queen, several workers, as well as eggs, larvae, and pupae. This behavior increases their survivability, and helps ghost ants expand to new territory, which is part of the reason why they are a highly adaptive and resistant invasive species.<ref name= "Imperial"/>		''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' form colonies that have multiple queens, meaning they are polygynous. This is a standout feature for ghost ants, but the behavior is also seen in other ant species such as the [[Acorn ant\|acorn ant (''Temnothorax curvispinosus'')]]. The colony is unicolonial, which means that the ants live in separate nests with different queens, but they all work together and take care of each other. Each colony can consist of anywhere from 100 workers up to 1000 workers within the larger nests. Although ghost ant queens only survive for a few weeks, they are able mate and reproduce with fertile males within the colony and produce up to 5 eggs per day. Five eggs per day may seem miniscule in comparison to the large colony size, however due to the colonies having multiple fertile queens, their numbers are able to grow rapidly. Development of the new larvae takes anywhere between 16-52 days, and they go through 4 instars between the time they hatch until they reach adulthood.<ref name= "UWI"/> Ghost ant colonies also reproduce via budding. The colonies will carry out this behavior if they either need to expand their territory, or if there is a disturbance that threatens the survival of the colony. When this happens, the ants from the nest will relocate, and bring a queen, several workers, as well as eggs, larvae, and pupae. This behavior increases their survivability, and helps ghost ants expand to new territory, which is part of the reason why they are a highly adaptive and resistant invasive species.<ref name= "Imperial"/>

			==Ecological Significance==

			As previously mentioned, ''T. melanocephalum'' is a widespread invasive species, and due to its survivability is commonly seen as a pest among households. Because they consume honeydew as a food source, they have been observed protecting honeydew producing insects like aphids, which are another pest insect that can pose a threat in places like greenhouses. However, the ants also prey on the two-spotted spider mite (''Tetranychus urticae''), which is another harmful plant pest. Because of their acts predation and aggression towards the [[mites]], there is a slight benefit of having the ants around these areas.<ref name= "Spotlight">“Ant Spotlight: Ghost Ants” Hulett Environmental Services, https://www.bugs.com/blog/ant-spotlight-ghost-ants/</ref> ''T. melanocephalum'' has been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs. Even though the ants are not directly dangerous if contact with them is made, ghost ants have been noted to be carriers of pathogens such as ''Staphylococcus'', making the ants more dangerous if they are in buildings like hospitals.<ref name= "UWI"/> The ability for the ants to survive and make large colonies in homes also puts a strain on homeowners mentally, and have been known to negatively affect their mental well being.<ref name= "Spotlight"/>

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

Kadencam at 10:20, 31 March 2025

2025-03-31T10:20:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:20, 31 March 2025
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	The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>		The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>


	==Distribution==		==Distribution==

			[[File: Ghost_Ant_Distribution.jpg\|250px\|thumb\|right\|The map shows the distribution of known populations of ''Tapinoma melanocephalum''.<ref name= "UWI"/>]]

	The ghost ant is an invasive species in many parts of the world. The origin of the ants was thought to be in the tropics of Africa or Asia.<ref name= "UWI">“Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost Ant).”UWI-The Online Guide to the [[Animals]] of Trinidad and Tobago, https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Tapinoma_melanocephalum%20-%20Ghost%20Ant.pdf</ref> Due to the rapid spread of the [[insects]], the exact location for their origin is unknown. They are found commonly in the Southern United States, in tropical environments like Florida, but have been seen in temperate climates, and have been identified as far north as Winnipeg, Canada.<ref name= "A&M"/> They are more common in tropical habitats, but due to the species being highly invasive and having a high survivability, they are able to inhabit temperate areas by nesting indoors. They are more likely to do this while they are in search of food, seeking protection from the harsh weather, or evading predators. Regardless, this behavior results in the species being labeled as a pest in residential areas. Typically though, they will nest in [[soil]] under places like rock, logs, or in leaf litter and rotting wood.<ref name= "Imperial"/> The species has also been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs.<ref name= "UWI"/>		The ghost ant is an invasive species in many parts of the world. The origin of the ants was thought to be in the tropics of Africa or Asia.<ref name= "UWI">“Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost Ant).”UWI-The Online Guide to the [[Animals]] of Trinidad and Tobago, https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Tapinoma_melanocephalum%20-%20Ghost%20Ant.pdf</ref> Due to the rapid spread of the [[insects]], the exact location for their origin is unknown. They are found commonly in the Southern United States, in tropical environments like Florida, but have been seen in temperate climates, and have been identified as far north as Winnipeg, Canada.<ref name= "A&M"/> They are more common in tropical habitats, but due to the species being highly invasive and having a high survivability, they are able to inhabit temperate areas by nesting indoors. They are more likely to do this while they are in search of food, seeking protection from the harsh weather, or evading predators. Regardless, this behavior results in the species being labeled as a pest in residential areas. Typically though, they will nest in [[soil]] under places like rock, logs, or in leaf litter and rotting wood.<ref name= "Imperial"/> The species has also been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs.<ref name= "UWI"/>

Kadencam at 10:08, 31 March 2025

2025-03-31T10:08:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:08, 31 March 2025
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	\| Melanocephalum		\| Melanocephalum
	\|}		\|}

			[[File: Ghost_Ant_Side_Profile.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|left\|The image shows a clear side profile of a mature ghost ant worker.<ref name= "AntWeb">“Specimen: CASENT0008659 Tapinoma melanocephalum.” AntWeb, https://www.antweb.org/bigPicture.do?name=casent0008659&shot=p&number=1</ref>]]

	==Species Description==		==Species Description==
	~~[[File: Ghost_Ant_Side_Profile.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|left\|]]~~
	The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>		The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>

	==Distribution==		==Distribution==
	The ghost ant is an invasive species in many parts of the world. The origin of the ants was thought to be in the tropics of Africa or Asia.<ref name= "UWI">“Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost Ant).”UWI-The Online Guide to the [[Animals]] of Trinidad and Tobago, https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Tapinoma_melanocephalum%20-%20Ghost%20Ant.pdf</ref> Due to the rapid spread of the [[insects]], the exact location for their origin is unknown. They are found commonly in the Southern United States, in tropical environments like Florida, but have been seen in temperate climates, and have been identified as far north as Winnipeg, Canada.<ref name= "A&M"/> They are more common in tropical habitats, but due to the species being highly invasive and having a high survivability, they are able to inhabit temperate areas by nesting indoors. They are more likely to do this while they are in search of food, seeking protection from the harsh weather, or evading predators. Regardless, this behavior results in the species being labeled as a pest in residential areas. Typically though, they will nest in [[soil]] under places like rock, logs, or in leaf litter and rotting wood.<ref name= "Imperial"/> The species has also been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs.<ref name= "UWI"/>		The ghost ant is an invasive species in many parts of the world. The origin of the ants was thought to be in the tropics of Africa or Asia.<ref name= "UWI">“Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost Ant).”UWI-The Online Guide to the [[Animals]] of Trinidad and Tobago, https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Tapinoma_melanocephalum%20-%20Ghost%20Ant.pdf</ref> Due to the rapid spread of the [[insects]], the exact location for their origin is unknown. They are found commonly in the Southern United States, in tropical environments like Florida, but have been seen in temperate climates, and have been identified as far north as Winnipeg, Canada.<ref name= "A&M"/> They are more common in tropical habitats, but due to the species being highly invasive and having a high survivability, they are able to inhabit temperate areas by nesting indoors. They are more likely to do this while they are in search of food, seeking protection from the harsh weather, or evading predators. Regardless, this behavior results in the species being labeled as a pest in residential areas. Typically though, they will nest in [[soil]] under places like rock, logs, or in leaf litter and rotting wood.<ref name= "Imperial"/> The species has also been observed making their nests near jumping spiders, and appear to have a symbiotic relationship with them. The spiders will protect the ants from predation and parasitism, while the ant nests provide a solid structure to form the basis of the jumping spider's webs.<ref name= "UWI"/>

	==Diet==		==Diet==

	Ghost ants are omnivores. In an outdoor setting, the worker ants of the colonies will go out and forage for food such as small insect larvae, living and dead insects, as well as food that is higher in carbohydrate concentrations such as honeydew. The honeydew that is harvested is secreted by aphids or other insects that primarily feed on plant material. The worker ants will bring these foods back to their colonies to share with the other workers and the queens.<ref name= "UWI"/><ref name= "Terro">“Common Ant Species: Ghost Ants” Terro, https://www.terro.com/ghost-ants#:~:text=Diet,ghost%20ants%20usually%20prefer%20sweets.</ref> Because the species is a common pest species that tends to nest indoors in search of food, they will typically change their diet in an indoor setting. While they are indoors, they will forage for sweeter food sources and also gather near areas with greasy food residues such as stovetops or trash cans.<ref name= "Imperial"/>		Ghost ants are omnivores. In an outdoor setting, the worker ants of the colonies will go out and forage for food such as small insect larvae, living and dead insects, as well as food that is higher in carbohydrate concentrations such as honeydew. The honeydew that is harvested is secreted by aphids or other insects that primarily feed on plant material. The worker ants will bring these foods back to their colonies to share with the other workers and the queens.<ref name= "UWI"/><ref name= "Terro">“Common Ant Species: Ghost Ants” Terro, https://www.terro.com/ghost-ants#:~:text=Diet,ghost%20ants%20usually%20prefer%20sweets.</ref> Because the species is a common pest species that tends to nest indoors in search of food, they will typically change their diet in an indoor setting. While they are indoors, they will forage for sweeter food sources and also gather near areas with greasy food residues such as stovetops or trash cans.<ref name= "Imperial"/>

	==Life Cycle==		==Life Cycle==

	''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' form colonies that have multiple queens, meaning they are polygynous. This is a standout feature for ghost ants, but the behavior is also seen in other ant species such as the [[Acorn ant\|acorn ant (''Temnothorax curvispinosus'')]]. The colony is unicolonial, which means that the ants live in separate nests with different queens, but they all work together and take care of each other. Each colony can consist of anywhere from 100 workers up to 1000 workers within the larger nests. Ghost ant queens mate and reproduce with fertile males within the colony and produce up to 5 eggs per day. Five eggs per day may seem miniscule in comparison to the large colony size, however due to the colonies having multiple fertile queens, their numbers are able to grow rapidly.<ref name= "UWI"/> Ghost ant colonies also reproduce via budding. The colonies will carry out this behavior if they either need to expand their territory, or if there is a disturbance that threatens the survival of the colony. When this happens, the ants from the nest will relocate, and bring a queen, several workers, as well as eggs, larvae, and pupae. This behavior increases their survivability, and helps ghost ants expand to new territory, which is part of the reason why they are a highly adaptive and resistant invasive species.<ref name= "Imperial"/>		''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' form colonies that have multiple queens, meaning they are polygynous. This is a standout feature for ghost ants, but the behavior is also seen in other ant species such as the [[Acorn ant\|acorn ant (''Temnothorax curvispinosus'')]]. The colony is unicolonial, which means that the ants live in separate nests with different queens, but they all work together and take care of each other. Each colony can consist of anywhere from 100 workers up to 1000 workers within the larger nests. Ghost ant queens mate and reproduce with fertile males within the colony and produce up to 5 eggs per day. Five eggs per day may seem miniscule in comparison to the large colony size, however due to the colonies having multiple fertile queens, their numbers are able to grow rapidly.<ref name= "UWI"/> Ghost ant colonies also reproduce via budding. The colonies will carry out this behavior if they either need to expand their territory, or if there is a disturbance that threatens the survival of the colony. When this happens, the ants from the nest will relocate, and bring a queen, several workers, as well as eggs, larvae, and pupae. This behavior increases their survivability, and helps ghost ants expand to new territory, which is part of the reason why they are a highly adaptive and resistant invasive species.<ref name= "Imperial"/>

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

Kadencam at 09:59, 31 March 2025

2025-03-31T09:59:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:59, 31 March 2025
Line 23:		Line 23:

	==Species Description==		==Species Description==
			[[File: Ghost_Ant_Side_Profile.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|left\|]]
	The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>		The ghost ant (''Tapinoma melanocephalum'') is a small species of ant belonging to the phylum [["Arthropoda"\|"Arthropoda"]] that is found in tropical regions throughout the world. Much like other members of the family [[Formicidae\|"Formicidae"]], ''Tapinoma melanocephalum'' are eusocial and have a caste system within their colonies. The workers of ghost ant colonies are small, typically growing to roughly 1.5 mm (1/16 in.) in length. The ants are bicolored, with their head and thorax being black in color, while the abdomen and legs of the worker appear to be a pale color that looks almost translucent.<ref name= "A&M">“Ghost Ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.” Urban and Structural Entomology Program at Texas A&M University, https://urbanentomology.tamu.edu/urban-pests/ants/ghost/</ref> The species also gets their name from their unique color pattern. Due to their small size and almost transparent body they can be difficult to see, and can be described as "fading" or even "ghostly" when they are being observed. The fading affect is enhanced when the ants are seen on lighter colored surfaces, which makes them more difficult to see.<ref name= "Imperial">“What Are Ghost Ants and How Do I Kill Them.” Imperial Pest Prevention, https://www.imperialpestprevent.com/post/ghost-ants-and-how-to-kill-them#:~:text=What%20Do%20Ghost%20Ants%20Look,abdomen%20and%20legs%20is%20key.</ref>
	==Distribution==		==Distribution==