Eragrostis curvula - Revision history

Andreene at 01:53, 12 May 2023

2023-05-12T01:53:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:53, 11 May 2023
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	<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> or <b> African lovegrass </b>,is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It favors areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands but can be found: alongside highways, railway lines, open woodlands, pastures, and coastal shores.		<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> or <b> African lovegrass </b>,is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It favors areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands but can be found: alongside highways, railway lines, open woodlands, pastures, and coastal shores.
			{\|class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-right:10px;"
	~~[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>\|~~		\|+ Scientific Classification
	{\|class="wikitable"\| style="margin:~~auto~~";
	\|-		\|-
	! Kingdom: \| Plantae		\|<b> Kingdom:</b>\|\| Plantae
	\|-		\|-
	! Order:\| Poales \|		\|<b>Order:</b> \|\| Poales
	\|-		\|-
	!Family:\| Poaceae \|		\|<b> Family: </b>\|\| Poaceae
	\|-		\|-
	!Genus: \|Eragrostis\|		\|<b>Genus: </b>\|\| Eragrostis
	\|-		\|-
	\|}]]		\|}

	== Description ==		== Description ==

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	== Growth ==		== Growth ==
	The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref name = "WOA"></ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.		The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref name = "WOA"></ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.
			[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|text-align:center\|400px\|<i>Eragrostis curvula</i>]]

	== Reproduction ==		== Reproduction ==

Andreene at 00:44, 12 May 2023

2023-05-12T00:44:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:44, 11 May 2023
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	<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> or <b> African lovegrass </b>,is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It favors areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands but can be found: alongside highways, railway lines, open woodlands, pastures, and coastal shores.		<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> or <b> African lovegrass </b>,is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It favors areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands but can be found: alongside highways, railway lines, open woodlands, pastures, and coastal shores.

	[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i> ~~align = top~~\|		[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>\|
	{\|class="wikitable"\| style="margin:auto";		{\|class="wikitable"\| style="margin:auto";
	\|-		\|-

Andreene at 00:44, 12 May 2023

2023-05-12T00:44:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:44, 11 May 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It favors areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands but can be found: alongside highways, railway lines, open woodlands, pastures, and coastal shores.		<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> or <b> African lovegrass </b>,is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It favors areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands but can be found: alongside highways, railway lines, open woodlands, pastures, and coastal shores.

	[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|		[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i> align = top\|
	{\|class="wikitable"\| style="margin:auto";		{\|class="wikitable"\| style="margin:auto";
	\|-		\|-
	! Kingdom ~~!! Order !! Family !! Genus~~		! Kingdom: \| Plantae
	\|-		\|-
	~~\| Plantae \|~~\| Poales \|\| Poaceae \|\| Eragrostis		! Order:\| Poales \|
			\|-
			!Family:\| Poaceae \|
			\|-
			!Genus: \|Eragrostis\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|}]]		\|}]]

Andreene at 00:36, 12 May 2023

2023-05-12T00:36:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:36, 11 May 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It ~~occurs in~~ areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands.		<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It favors areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands but can be found: alongside highways, railway lines, open woodlands, pastures, and coastal shores.

	[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|		[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|
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	== Root System ==		== Root System ==

	The root system of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> is dense and fibrous, reaching up to 13 ft below the [[soil]] surface vertically, and up to 3 ft laterally<ref name = "Gucker">Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of [[Agriculture]], Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref> where they typically fill the entire space. Roots can grow 2 inches a day and create thick mats that aid in erosion control. The primary roots are the first roots to sprout from the seedlings and grow straight down with 30 - 60 rootlets per inch. The large root system makes it suitable for dryer soils such as in desert areas. It's hardiness and drought-tolerance also makes it easy to establish alongside highways or roadsides that have high salinity soil.		The root system of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> is dense and fibrous, reaching up to 13 ft below the [[soil]] surface vertically, and up to 3 ft laterally<ref name = "Gucker">Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of [[Agriculture]], Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref> where they typically fill the entire space. Roots can grow 2 inches a day and create thick mats that aid in erosion control. The primary roots are the first roots to sprout from the seedlings and grow straight down with 30 - 60 rootlets per inch. The large root system makes it suitable for dryer soils such as in desert areas. It's hardiness and drought-tolerance also makes it easy to establish alongside highways or roadsides that have high salinity soil. When temperatures consistently reach above 50° F, roots can start to grow rapidly.

	== Growth ==		== Growth ==
	~~Full light is optimal but <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate partial sun although it doesn't reproduce as fast. When temperatures consistently reach above 50° F, roots can start to grow rapidly.~~

	The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref name = "WOA"></ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.		The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref name = "WOA"></ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.

	== Reproduction ==		== Reproduction ==
	<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> reproduces through seed dispersal via [[animals]], wind, and vehicles <ref name = "DOAF" ></ref>. Seeds are small in size (<1 cm) and have an ovular shape that can be a yellow-brown in color. Panicles can produce 300 - 1000 seeds, with factors such as high temperatures, high moisture levels, and low humidity increasing seed production <ref name = "Gucker"></ref>.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> reproduces through seed dispersal via [[animals]], wind, and vehicles <ref name = "DOAF" ></ref>. Seeds are small in size (<1 cm) and have an ovular shape that can be a yellow-brown in color. As they have no appendages, seeds are unable to be carried far and rely on winds to carry them short distances. This also prevents them from burrowing into the soil, as they are usually found within the top 2 inches of soil. Panicles can produce 300 - 1000 seeds, with factors such as high temperatures, high moisture levels, and low humidity increasing seed production <ref name = "Gucker"></ref>. Seedlings are able to establish themselves quite easily and can rapidly increase ground cover. Favorable conditions for successful seedling establishment vary, however they do prefer moist soil but not extremely moist.

	== Impact ==		== Impact ==
			[[File:Distribution.png\|300px\|thumb\|float\|left\|Distribution in the Continental US as of 2021 Photo, ©Utah State University]]

	When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref name = "EPPO"> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. After consumption, the tussock is left, which will shade out emerging vegetation. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref name = "Gucker"></ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs and typically sprouts 2 - 4 weeks before native plants. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref name = "Lawrence">Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265.</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.		When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref name = "EPPO"> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. After consumption, the tussock is left, which will shade out emerging vegetation. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref name = "Gucker"></ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs and typically sprouts 2 - 4 weeks before native plants. It's also susceptible to fire because of its density and can intensify natural wildfires. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref name = "Lawrence">Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265.</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.

	== Distribution in the US ==		== Distribution in the US ==

	<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref name ="Gucker></ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island by the Department of Transportation where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref name ="Gucker></ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island by the Department of Transportation where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.

Andreene at 21:38, 11 May 2023

2023-05-11T21:38:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:38, 11 May 2023
Line 14:		Line 14:
	</ref>.		</ref>.
	[[File:Leaves.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|left\|Photo, Sheldon Navie]]		[[File:Leaves.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|left\|Photo, Sheldon Navie]]
			== Root System ==

			The root system of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> is dense and fibrous, reaching up to 13 ft below the [[soil]] surface vertically, and up to 3 ft laterally<ref name = "Gucker">Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of [[Agriculture]], Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref> where they typically fill the entire space. Roots can grow 2 inches a day and create thick mats that aid in erosion control. The primary roots are the first roots to sprout from the seedlings and grow straight down with 30 - 60 rootlets per inch. The large root system makes it suitable for dryer soils such as in desert areas. It's hardiness and drought-tolerance also makes it easy to establish alongside highways or roadsides that have high salinity soil.

	== Growth ==		== Growth ==
			Full light is optimal but <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate partial sun although it doesn't reproduce as fast. When temperatures consistently reach above 50° F, roots can start to grow rapidly.
	The root system of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> is dense and fibrous, reaching up to 13 ft below the [[soil]] surface vertically, and up to 3 ft laterally<ref name = "Gucker">Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of [[Agriculture]], Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. Roots can grow 2 inches a day and create thick mats that aid in erosion control. The large root system makes it suitable for dryer soils such as in desert areas. It's hardiness and drought-tolerance also makes it easy to establish alongside highways or roadsides that have high salinity soil. Full light is optimal but <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate partial sun although it doesn't reproduce as fast.

	The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref name = "WOA"></ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.		The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref name = "WOA"></ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.

			== Reproduction ==
	<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> reproduces through seed dispersal via [[animals]], wind, and vehicles <ref name = "DOAF" ></ref>. Seeds are small in size (<1 cm) and have an ovular shape that can be a yellow-brown in color. Panicles can produce 300 - 1000 seeds, with factors such as high temperatures, high moisture levels, and low humidity increasing seed production <ref name = "Gucker"></ref>.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> reproduces through seed dispersal via [[animals]], wind, and vehicles <ref name = "DOAF" ></ref>. Seeds are small in size (<1 cm) and have an ovular shape that can be a yellow-brown in color. Panicles can produce 300 - 1000 seeds, with factors such as high temperatures, high moisture levels, and low humidity increasing seed production <ref name = "Gucker"></ref>.

	== Impact ==		== Impact ==

	When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref name = "EPPO"> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. After consumption, the tussock is left, which will shade out emerging vegetation. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref name = "Gucker"></ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref name = "Lawrence">Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265.</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.		When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref name = "EPPO"> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. After consumption, the tussock is left, which will shade out emerging vegetation. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref name = "Gucker"></ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs and typically sprouts 2 - 4 weeks before native plants. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref name = "Lawrence">Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265.</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.

	== Distribution in the US ==		== Distribution in the US ==

	<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref name ="Gucker></ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island by the Department of Transportation where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref name ="Gucker></ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island by the Department of Transportation where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.

Andreene at 20:44, 11 May 2023

2023-05-11T20:44:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:44, 11 May 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It occurs in areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands.		<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i>, commonly known as <b> weeping lovegrass </b> is a perennial grass native to South Africa. <i> Eragrostis curvula </i> has been introduced to North America and Australia since the 20th century and is now widespread. It occurs in areas that have been recently disturbed such as after fires or overgrazed grasslands.

	{\| class="wikitable" style="margin:~~left~~"		[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|
			{\|class="wikitable"\| style="margin:auto";
	\|-		\|-
	! Kingdom !! Order !! Family !! Genus		! Kingdom !! Order !! Family !! Genus
Line 7:		Line 8:
	\| Plantae \|\| Poales \|\| Poaceae \|\| Eragrostis		\| Plantae \|\| Poales \|\| Poaceae \|\| Eragrostis
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}]]

	== Description ==		== Description ==

	~~<b>~~<i>Eragrostis curvula~~</b>~~</i> can have a variable appearance ranging from 120 cm to 180 cm in height. The plant grows tufts of narrow leaves that can reach 1 ft in diameter and are bluish-green in color. The leaves can grow up to 2 ft <ref> Eragrostis curvula, North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/eragrostis-curvula/ Accessed 07 May 2023.</ref> and clump together in a drooping position at the base of the plant. The blades of each leaf, roll inwards <ref> Eragrostis curvula, Weeds of Australia. 2016 https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/eragrostis_curvula.htm. Accessed 07 May 2023</ref> and have a rough texture that are attached to hairless stems. The leaves get narrower as they reach the tip of the branch, where it appears lighter and curled <ref> African lovegrass Eragrostis curvula. 2016. . Pages 1–20. Invasive plant risk assessment, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can have a variable appearance ranging from 120 cm to 180 cm in height. The plant grows tufts of narrow leaves that can reach 1 ft in diameter and are bluish-green in color. The leaves can grow up to 2 ft <ref name="NC"> Eragrostis curvula, North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/eragrostis-curvula/ Accessed 07 May 2023.</ref> and clump together in a drooping position at the base of the plant. The blades of each leaf, roll inwards <ref name="WOA"> Eragrostis curvula, Weeds of Australia. 2016 https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/eragrostis_curvula.htm. Accessed 07 May 2023</ref> and have a rough texture that are attached to hairless stems. The leaves get narrower as they reach the tip of the branch, where it appears lighter and curled <ref name = "DOAF"> African lovegrass Eragrostis curvula. 2016. . Pages 1–20. Invasive plant risk assessment, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland.
	</ref>.		</ref>.
	[[File:~~weeping_lovegrass~~.jpeg\|~~500px~~\|thumb\|]]		[[File:Leaves.jpeg\|300px\|thumb\|float\|left\|Photo, Sheldon Navie]]

	== Growth ==		== Growth ==

	The root system of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> is dense and fibrous, reaching up to 13 ft below the [[soil]] surface vertically, and up to 3 ft laterally<ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of [[Agriculture]], Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. Roots can grow 2 inches a day and create thick mats that aid in erosion control. The large root system makes it suitable for dryer soils such as in desert areas. It's hardiness and drought-tolerance also makes it easy to establish alongside highways or roadsides that have high salinity soil. Full light is optimal but <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate partial sun although it doesn't reproduce as fast.		The root system of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> is dense and fibrous, reaching up to 13 ft below the [[soil]] surface vertically, and up to 3 ft laterally<ref name = "Gucker">Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of [[Agriculture]], Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. Roots can grow 2 inches a day and create thick mats that aid in erosion control. The large root system makes it suitable for dryer soils such as in desert areas. It's hardiness and drought-tolerance also makes it easy to establish alongside highways or roadsides that have high salinity soil. Full light is optimal but <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate partial sun although it doesn't reproduce as fast.

	The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref> ~~Eragrostis curvula, Weeds of Australia. 2016 https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/eragrostis_curvula.htm. Accessed 07 May 2023~~</ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.		The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref name = "WOA"></ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.

	<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> reproduces through seed dispersal via [[animals]], wind, and vehicles <ref> ~~African lovegrass Eragrostis curvula. 2016. . Pages 1–20. Invasive plant risk assessment, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland.~~		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> reproduces through seed dispersal via [[animals]], wind, and vehicles <ref name = "DOAF" ></ref>. Seeds are small in size (<1 cm) and have an ovular shape that can be a yellow-brown in color. Panicles can produce 300 - 1000 seeds, with factors such as high temperatures, high moisture levels, and low humidity increasing seed production <ref name = "Gucker"></ref>.
	</ref>. Seeds are small in size (<1 cm) and have an ovular shape that can be a yellow-brown in color. Panicles can produce 300 - 1000 seeds, with factors such as high temperatures, high moisture levels, and low humidity increasing seed production <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>.

	== Impact ==		== Impact ==

	When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. After consumption, the tussock is left, which will shade out emerging vegetation. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref> Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265. ~~[48667]~~</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.		When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref name = "EPPO"> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. After consumption, the tussock is left, which will shade out emerging vegetation. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref name = "Gucker"></ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref name = "Lawrence">Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265.</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.

	== Distribution in the US ==		== Distribution in the US ==

	<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island by the Department of Transportation where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref name ="Gucker></ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island by the Department of Transportation where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.

Andreene at 16:36, 10 May 2023

2023-05-10T16:36:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:36, 10 May 2023
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	== Distribution in the US ==		== Distribution in the US ==

	<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island by the Department of Transportation where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.

Andreene: /* Impact */

2023-05-10T16:35:51Z

Impact

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:35, 10 May 2023
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	== Impact ==		== Impact ==

	When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref> Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265. [48667]</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.		When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. After consumption, the tussock is left, which will shade out emerging vegetation. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref> Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265. [48667]</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.

	== Distribution in the US ==		== Distribution in the US ==

	<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.

Andreene at 16:26, 10 May 2023

2023-05-10T16:26:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:26, 10 May 2023
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	== Description ==		== Description ==

	<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i> can have a variable appearance ranging from 120 cm to 180 cm in height. The plant grows tufts of narrow leaves that can reach 1 ft in diameter and are bluish-green in color. The leaves can grow up to 2 ft <ref> Eragrostis curvula, North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/eragrostis-curvula/ Accessed 07 May 2023.</ref> and clump together in a drooping position at the base of the plant. The blades of each leaf, roll inwards <ref> Eragrostis curvula, Weeds of Australia. 2016 https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/eragrostis_curvula.htm. Accessed 07 May 2023</ref> and have a rough texture that are attached to hairless stems. The leaves get narrower as they reach the tip of the branch.		<b><i>Eragrostis curvula</b></i> can have a variable appearance ranging from 120 cm to 180 cm in height. The plant grows tufts of narrow leaves that can reach 1 ft in diameter and are bluish-green in color. The leaves can grow up to 2 ft <ref> Eragrostis curvula, North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/eragrostis-curvula/ Accessed 07 May 2023.</ref> and clump together in a drooping position at the base of the plant. The blades of each leaf, roll inwards <ref> Eragrostis curvula, Weeds of Australia. 2016 https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/eragrostis_curvula.htm. Accessed 07 May 2023</ref> and have a rough texture that are attached to hairless stems. The leaves get narrower as they reach the tip of the branch, where it appears lighter and curled <ref> African lovegrass Eragrostis curvula. 2016. . Pages 1–20. Invasive plant risk assessment, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland.
			</ref>.
	[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|500px\|thumb\|]]		[[File:weeping_lovegrass.jpeg\|500px\|thumb\|]]

Andreene at 16:23, 10 May 2023

2023-05-10T16:23:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:23, 10 May 2023
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	== Growth ==		== Growth ==

	The root system of ~~<b>~~<i>Eragrostis curvula~~</b>~~</i> is dense and fibrous, reaching up to 13 ft below the [[soil]] surface vertically, and up to 3 ft laterally<ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of [[Agriculture]], Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. Roots can grow 2 in a day and create thick mats that aid in erosion control. The large root system makes it suitable for dryer soils such as in desert areas. It's hardiness and drought-tolerance also makes it easy to establish alongside highways or roadsides that have high salinity soil. Full light is optimal but ~~<b>~~<i>Eragrostis curvula~~</b>~~</i> can tolerate partial sun although it doesn't reproduce as fast.		The root system of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> is dense and fibrous, reaching up to 13 ft below the [[soil]] surface vertically, and up to 3 ft laterally<ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of [[Agriculture]], Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. Roots can grow 2 inches a day and create thick mats that aid in erosion control. The large root system makes it suitable for dryer soils such as in desert areas. It's hardiness and drought-tolerance also makes it easy to establish alongside highways or roadsides that have high salinity soil. Full light is optimal but <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate partial sun although it doesn't reproduce as fast.

	The inflorescence of ~~<b>~~<i>Eragrostis curvula~~</b>~~</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref> Eragrostis curvula, Weeds of Australia. 2016 https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/eragrostis_curvula.htm. Accessed 07 May 2023</ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.		The inflorescence of <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> starts as a tightly closed panicle but slowly opens up as it matures. At the base of the panicle, branches start to spread out that have green-grey or purple flower spikelets which turn paler in color as they flower<ref> Eragrostis curvula, Weeds of Australia. 2016 https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/eragrostis_curvula.htm. Accessed 07 May 2023</ref>. The flower spikelets break open for seed dispersal which happens in the late summer/early fall season.

	~~<b>~~<i>Eragrostis curvula~~</b>~~</i> reproduces through seed dispersal via [[animals]], wind, and vehicles <ref> Eragrostis curvula~~, Weeds of Australia~~. 2016 ~~https://keyserver~~.~~lucidcentral~~.~~org/weeds/data/media/Html/eragrostis_curvula~~.~~htm~~. ~~Accessed 07 May 2023~~</ref>. Seeds are small in size (<1 cm) and have an ovular shape that can be a yellow-brown in color. Panicles can produce 300 - 1000 seeds, with factors such as high temperatures, high moisture levels, and low humidity increasing seed production <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>.		<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> reproduces through seed dispersal via [[animals]], wind, and vehicles <ref> African lovegrass Eragrostis curvula. 2016. . Pages 1–20. Invasive plant risk assessment, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland.
			</ref>. Seeds are small in size (<1 cm) and have an ovular shape that can be a yellow-brown in color. Panicles can produce 300 - 1000 seeds, with factors such as high temperatures, high moisture levels, and low humidity increasing seed production <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>.

			== Impact ==

			When spread to non-native areas, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can outcompete native vegetation, especially in pastures. Cattle and sheep can only feed on young plants <ref> EPPO. 2009. Mini data sheet on Eragrostis curvula (Poaceae)</ref> but is unpalatable and reduces the quality of pastures. It is considered an 'aggressive' species <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref> since it can reduce the growth of <i>Eragrostis intermedia</i> (native plains lovegrass) among other native shrubs. It has spread alongside the Colorado River <ref> Stevens, Lawrence E.; Ayers, Tina. 2002. The biodiversity and distribution of exotic vascular plants and animals in the Grand Canyon region. In: Tellman, Barbara, ed. Invasive exotic species in the Sonoran region. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press; The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum: 241-265. [48667]</ref> which has called for management amongst concerns that it could spread rapidly if left alone.

			== Distribution in the US ==

			<i>Eragrostis curvula</i> can tolerate highly acidic soils with heavy metal levels <ref>Gucker, Corey L. 2009. Eragrostis curvula. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Available: https://www.fs.usda.gov /database/feis/plants/graminoid/eracur/all.html [2023, May 7]</ref>. This has allowed it to be planted near mine sites in Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, where they provided substantial ground cover. In New York, <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> was planted alongside highways in Long Island where it's become established since 2000. Vermont has also used <i>Eragrostis curvula</i> to restore degraded [[sand]] dune sites after multiple planting failures.