https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Acebron3 2026-04-15T09:20:54Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.43.0 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=3114 2018-05-17T22:16:40Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycles are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. The size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]] Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment. The term, nutrient cycling, is derived from Vernadsky's term, biogeochemistry. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well, there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil, hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - The process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - Water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - The process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - Water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> <br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.[4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. Prokaryotes are organisms that can convert atmospheric nitrogen. These organisms convert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. Plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it releases nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. There are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisms and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. The organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> '''The Oxygen Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The oxygen cycle is the circulation of oxygen throughout nature. Oxygen is the second most abundant element in the atmosphere, next to nitrogen. Animals and plants use oxygen to breathe and return it into the air. Oxygen can pair up with carbon to form carbon dioxide and will then be taken up by algae and terrestrial plants. ocygen is freed through the process of photolysis. high energy sunlight will break apart oxygen bearing molecules to produce oxygen. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Sulfur Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Sulfur is an plays an important role on earth. Sulfur can enter soil through decomposition of living things, waster products, and deposition of sulfides in sediments. sulfates can be used by microbial organisms and plants. sulfur contains nutrients vital for plant growth. It gives plants proten and plant hormones to grow. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=3105 2018-05-17T21:45:00Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycles are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. The size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]] Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment. The term, nutrient cycling, is derived from Vernadsky's term, biogeochemistry. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well, there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil, hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - The process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - Water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - The process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - Water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> <br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.[4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. Prokaryotes are organisms that can convert atmospheric nitrogen. These organisms convert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. Plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it releases nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. There are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisms and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. The organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> '''The Oxygen Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The oxygen cycle is the circulation of oxygen throughout nature. Oxygen is the second most abundant element in the atmosphere, next to nitrogen. Animals and plants use oxygen to breathe and return it into the air. Oxygen can pair up with carbon to form carbon dioxide and will then be taken up by algae and terrestrial plants. ocygen is freed through the process of photolysis. high energy sunlight will break apart oxygen bearing molecules to produce oxygen. <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=3104 2018-05-17T21:44:42Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycles are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. The size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]] Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment. The term, nutrient cycling, is derived from Vernadsky's term, biogeochemistry. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well, there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil, hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - The process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - Water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - The process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - Water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> <br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.[4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. Prokaryotes are organisms that can convert atmospheric nitrogen. These organisms convert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. Plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it releases nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. There are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisms and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. The organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> '''The Oxygen Cycle'''<br /> The oxygen cycle is the circulation of oxygen throughout nature. Oxygen is the second most abundant element in the atmosphere, next to nitrogen. Animals and plants use oxygen to breathe and return it into the air. Oxygen can pair up with carbon to form carbon dioxide and will then be taken up by algae and terrestrial plants. ocygen is freed through the process of photolysis. high energy sunlight will break apart oxygen bearing molecules to produce oxygen. <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=3101 2018-05-17T21:43:35Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycles are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. The size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]] Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment. The term, nutrient cycling, is derived from Vernadsky's term, biogeochemistry. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well, there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil, hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - The process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - Water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - The process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - Water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.[4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. Prokaryotes are organisms that can convert atmospheric nitrogen. These organisms convert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. Plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> The oxygen cycle is the circulation of oxygen throughout nature. Oxygen is the second most abundant element in the atmosphere, next to nitrogen. Animals and plants use oxygen to breathe and return it into the air. Oxygen can pair up with carbon to form carbon dioxide and will then be taken up by algae and terrestrial plants. ocygen is freed through the process of photolysis. high energy sunlight will break apart oxygen bearing molecules to produce oxygen. <br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it releases nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. There are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisms and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. The organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> '''The '''<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=3090 2018-05-17T19:17:00Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]] [[File:soilhumus.jpg|thumb|right|This is humus!]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. the color of humus is highly influenced by humus by the variation of the climate. There is less colouration in tropics and subtropics and more intense colouration in humid-temperate zones. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3] Humus has higher water adsorptive capacity than clay. it has a complex structure and has two main structural units; phenolic nature and nitrogen compounds. Humus also has low plasticity and cohesion. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> [[File:humification.png|thumb|right]] Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. Humification accelerates at high temperatures. [7]<br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|right]] <br /> <br /> - Absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. <br /> <br /> - Holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. <br /> <br /> - Can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. <br /> <br /> - Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus feeds the population of organisms living in it. <br /> <br /> - Can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. <br /> <br /> - Humus' biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. <br /> <br /> - Supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> - Is a source of nutrients for microbes, microscopic organisms with a vast number of species<br /> <br /> - Protects microbes<br /> <br /> - influences the growth of root structure my improving vigour<br /> <br /> - Regulates soil pH levels to solve pH problems<br /> <br /> - Is a natural and safe way to build good soil structure<br /> <br /> - Reduces compaction<br /> <br /> - Suppresses diseases<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/<br /> <br /> 7. Humification. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/humification</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=3018 2018-05-11T05:08:59Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]] [[File:soilhumus.jpg|thumb|right|This is humus!]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. the color of humus is highly influenced by humus by the variation of the climate. There is less colouration in tropics and subtropics and more intense colouration in humid-temperate zones. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3] Humus has higher water adsorptive capacity than clay. it has a complex structure and has two main structural units; phenolic nature and nitrogen compounds. Humus also has low plasticity and cohesion. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> [[File:humification.png|thumb|right]] Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. Humification accelerates at high temperatures. [7]<br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|right]] <br /> - Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. <br /> - Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. <br /> <br /> - Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. <br /> <br /> - Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus feeds the population of organisms living in it. <br /> <br /> - Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. <br /> <br /> - Humus' biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. <br /> <br /> - Humus supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> - Humus is a source of nutrients for microbes, microscopic organisms with a vast number of species<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/<br /> <br /> 7. Humification. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/humification</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=3017 2018-05-11T05:04:30Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]] [[File:soilhumus.jpg|thumb|right|This is humus!]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. the color of humus is highly influenced by humus by the variation of the climate. There is less colouration in tropics and subtropics and more intense colouration in humid-temperate zones. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3] Humus has higherwater adsorptive capacity than clay. it has a complex structure and has two main structural units; phenolic nature and nitrogen compounds. Humus also has low plasticity and cohesion. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> [[File:humification.png|thumb|right]] Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. Humification accelerates at high temperatures. [7]<br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|right]] <br /> - Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. <br /> - Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. <br /> <br /> - Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. <br /> <br /> - Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus feeds the population of organisms living in it. <br /> <br /> - Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. <br /> <br /> - Humus' biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. <br /> <br /> - Humus supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> - Humus is a source of nutrients for microbes, microscopic organisms with a vast number of species<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/<br /> <br /> 7. Humification. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/humification</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2902 2018-05-10T21:31:38Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycles are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. The size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]] Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment. The term, nutrient cycling, is derived from Vernadsky's term, biogeochemistry. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well, there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil, hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - The process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - Water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - The process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - Water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.[4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. Prokaryotes are organisms that can convert atmospheric nitrogen. These organisms convert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. Plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it releases nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. There are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisms and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. The organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2901 2018-05-10T21:18:58Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]] [[File:soilhumus.jpg|thumb|right|This is humus!]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. the color of humus is highly influenced by humus by the variation of the climate. There is less colouration in tropics and subtropics and more intense colouration in humid-temperate zones. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3] Humus has higherwater adsorptive capacity than clay. it has a complex structure and has two main structural units; phenolic nature and nitrogen compounds. Humus also has low plasticity and cohesion. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> [[File:humification.png|thumb|right]] Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. Humification accelerates at high temperatures. [7]<br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/<br /> <br /> 7. Humification. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/humification</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2898 2018-05-10T21:11:16Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]] [[File:soilhumus.jpg|thumb|right|This is humus!]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> [[File:humification.png|thumb|right]] Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. Humification accelerates at high temperatures. [7]<br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/<br /> <br /> 7. Humification. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/humification</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Subterranean_Ecology&diff=2784 2018-05-10T14:48:18Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:guys bruv.jpg|thumb|right|The Krizna Jama &quot;Cross Crave&quot; in Slovenia. The cave system is filled with interconnected emerald green pools that are fed by the Bloke plateau]] Subterranean ecology is a branch of biology of which studies the interaction of organisms under the earth’s surface. [4] Subterranean environments include places like caves, underground waters, chasms, rock overhands, etc. Caves are the most promiminant location to find a vast amount of subterranean organisms interacting with each other. This epigean realm has yet to be fully understood and is mostly characterized as locations with little to no light. Total darkness is common within these environments and gives organisms a challenge to live without the sun. [5] Subterranean fauna mostly consists of arthropods, invertebrates, and some vertebrates such as cave salamanders. There is much to be learned about subterranean ecology due to its difficulty to explore its environments. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Caves ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:caves.jpg|thumb|left|Diagram of cave showing formation of stalagmites and stalactites]] Caves are the most common environments for subterranean ecology. A cave, also called cavers, is a natural opening in the earth, formed through various types of natural processes. Most caves are formed by a chemical reaction between groundwater and bedrock composed of limestone dolomite. Rain water picks up carbon dioxide from the wait as it penetrates the soil, turning into a weak acid.[2]<br /> <br /> The acid-forming reaction is: H2O + CO2 --&gt; H2CO3 (carbonic acid). <br /> <br /> The solution of water and carbonic acid then seeps down into the limestone. The acid reacts with the calcite to dissolve it in the liquid. <br /> <br /> CaCO3 + H2CO3 --&gt; Ca+2 + 2(HCO3-) (calcium bicarbonate solution). [3]<br /> <br /> Over time, the limestone or dolostone dissolves, creating massive pockets under the earth’s surface. Cave passages usually move through the water table of an aquifer. Water from an aquifer can reroute its path into the caves, which will dictate if the cave will be wet or dry. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Subterranean fauna==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:stygofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Stygofauna]] Subterranean fauna are decribed as organisms that live below the surface of the earth. They are divided into two groups: troglofauna and stygofuana. [1] Trogofauna are air breathing and live in caves and voids. Stygofauna are aquatic and live in groundwater. Most fauna have reduced pigment and non functioning eyes. Invertebrates dominate subterranean fauna. Some vertebrates, like the blind snake, or the pilabra can be found in these special environments. Troglofauna include, millipedes, beetles, crickets and other organisms that are able to live in caves. Troglofuana represent an example of adaptation in extreme environments Stygofauna live in freshwater aquifers. Stygofauna include gastropods, isopods, fishes, and salamanders. Stygofuana are able to navigate through the aquifer without any vision. [6]<br /> [[File:trogofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Trogofauna]]<br /> <br /> '''Stygofauna'''<br /> <br /> Stygofuna play an important role in prokaryotic transport in freshwater reserves. they enhance the transport of prokaryotes through aquifers. prokaryotes associated with stygofauna may up to 5 orders of magnitude higher in abudnace and transported up to 34x faster than bulk groundflow. As a community, prokaryotes play a role in the biosphere and purifying groundwater. Stygofauna's movement and excretion in groundwater systmes are thougth to meditate transfer of organic matter through the aquifer. <br /> <br /> '''Trogofauna'''<br /> <br /> There are about 9882 individual species of troglofauna. troglofauna include spriders, insects. myriapods and many others. due to their lack of eyesight, theyy have a heightened sense of hearing, touch, and smell. troglofauna thrive in humid environments and when a cave becomes dry they become agitated. troglofauna have very low metabolisms which allows them to live in conditions where food is scarce.They were discovered in a series of Caves in the Sierra Nevada mountains. birds and bats in caves prey on troglofauna. Floods can also pose a threat to them<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> 1. Subterranean Fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bennelongia.com.au/services/subterranean-fauna/<br /> <br /> 2. How caves form. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mendips/caveskarst/caveform.htm<br /> <br /> 3. Cave Geology in Depth. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/nature/cave-geology-in-depth.htm<br /> <br /> 4. Shone, R. (2017, November 08). Go Inside These World-Famous, Rarely Seen River Caves. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/slovenia/photos-hidden-river-caves/<br /> <br /> 5. Living in the dark. (2014, August 14). Retrieved from https://blog.oup.com/2014/08/dark-habitats-convergent-morphology/<br /> <br /> 6. Sumo Group - Perth Digital Agency. (n.d.). About Stygofauna. Retrieved from http://www.subterraneanecology.com.au/knowledge-publications/about-stygofauna</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Subterranean_Ecology&diff=2773 2018-05-10T04:41:30Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:guys bruv.jpg|thumb|right|The Krizna Jama &quot;Cross Crave&quot; in Slovenia. The cave system is filled with interconnected emerald green pools that are fed by the Bloke plateau]] Subterranean ecology is a branch of biology of which studies the interaction of organisms under the earth’s surface. [4] Subterranean environments include places like caves, underground waters, chasms, rock overhands, etc. Caves are the most promiminant location to find a vast amount of subterranean organisms interacting with each other. This epigean realm has yet to be fully understood and is mostly characterized as locations with little to no light. Total darkness is common within these environments and gives organisms a challenge to live without the sun. [5] Subterranean fauna mostly consists of arthropods, invertebrates, and some vertebrates such as cave salamanders. There is much to be learned about subterranean ecology due to its difficulty to explore its environments. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Caves ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:caves.jpg|thumb|left|Diagram of cave showing formation of stalagmites and stalactites]] Caves are the most common environments for subterranean ecology. A cave, also called cavers, is a natural opening in the earth, formed through various types of natural processes. Most caves are formed by a chemical reaction between groundwater and bedrock composed of limestone dolomite. Rain water picks up carbon dioxide from the wait as it penetrates the soil, turning into a weak acid.[2]<br /> <br /> The acid-forming reaction is: H2O + CO2 --&gt; H2CO3 (carbonic acid). <br /> <br /> The solution of water and carbonic acid then seeps down into the limestone. The acid reacts with the calcite to dissolve it in the liquid. <br /> <br /> CaCO3 + H2CO3 --&gt; Ca+2 + 2(HCO3-) (calcium bicarbonate solution). [3]<br /> <br /> Over time, the limestone or dolostone dissolves, creating massive pockets under the earth’s surface. Cave passages usually move through the water table of an aquifer. Water from an aquifer can reroute its path into the caves, which will dictate if the cave will be wet or dry. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Subterranean fauna==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:stygofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Stygofauna]] Subterranean fauna are decribed as organisms that live below the surface of the earth. They are divided into two groups: troglofauna and stygofuana. [1] Trogofauna are air breathing and live in caves and voids. Stygofauna are aquatic and live in groundwater. Most fauna have reduced pigment and non functioning eyes. Invertebrates dominate subterranean fauna. Some vertebrates, like the blind snake, or the pilabra can be found in these special environments. Troglofauna include, millipedes, beetles, crickets and other organisms that are able to live in caves. Troglofuana represent an example of adaptation in extreme environments Stygofauna live in freshwater aquifers. Stygofauna include gastropods, isopods, fishes, and salamanders. Stygofuana are able to navigate through the aquifer without any vision. [6]<br /> [[File:trogofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Trogofauna]]<br /> <br /> '''Stygofauna'''<br /> <br /> Stygofuna play an important role in prokaryotic transport in freshwater reserves. they enhance the transport of prokaryotes through aquifers. prokaryotes associated with stygofauna may up to 5 orders of magnitude higher in abudnace and transported up to 34x faster than bulk groundflow. As a community, prokaryotes play a role in the biosphere and purifying groundwater. Stygofauna's movement and excretion in groundwater systmes are thougth to meditate transfer of organic matter through the aquifer. <br /> <br /> '''Trogofauna'''<br /> <br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> 1. Subterranean Fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bennelongia.com.au/services/subterranean-fauna/<br /> <br /> 2. How caves form. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mendips/caveskarst/caveform.htm<br /> <br /> 3. Cave Geology in Depth. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/nature/cave-geology-in-depth.htm<br /> <br /> 4. Shone, R. (2017, November 08). Go Inside These World-Famous, Rarely Seen River Caves. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/slovenia/photos-hidden-river-caves/<br /> <br /> 5. Living in the dark. (2014, August 14). Retrieved from https://blog.oup.com/2014/08/dark-habitats-convergent-morphology/<br /> <br /> 6. Sumo Group - Perth Digital Agency. (n.d.). About Stygofauna. Retrieved from http://www.subterraneanecology.com.au/knowledge-publications/about-stygofauna</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2772 2018-05-10T03:41:32Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]] [[File:soilhumus.jpg|thumb|right|This is humus!]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> [[File:humification.png|thumb|right]] Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. Humification accelerates at high temperatures.<br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=File:Soilhumus.jpg&diff=2771 2018-05-10T03:40:55Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2770 2018-05-10T03:36:15Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> [[File:humification.png|thumb|right]] Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. Humification accelerates at high temperatures.<br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2769 2018-05-10T03:29:39Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> [[File:humification.png|thumb|right]] Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=File:Humification.png&diff=2768 2018-05-10T03:29:03Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2767 2018-05-10T03:28:22Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> == Humification ==<br /> Humification is the process of formation of humic substances decomsed from plant remains. This is a reults from oxidation by addition of oxygen from oxygenated water and lowering the groundwater tbale, heat and exposure, and pH values of water in the peat. Fungi and microbes attack lignin that bings cells, fibers, and vessels of wood and converts them into humic substances. Kodel-Knabner has summarized the formation of humus as selective preservation of plant and microbial polymers, direct transformation and microbial resynthesis. Darker colors signify strong humification and lighter colors point to wetter periods and less humification. <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2766 2018-05-10T02:48:32Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus.. Not to be confused with humus]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2765 2018-05-10T02:48:10Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:hummus.jpg|thumb|right|This is hummus, not humus]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=File:Hummus.jpg&diff=2764 2018-05-10T02:47:39Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2723 2018-05-09T13:55:02Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. The size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]] Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil, hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - The process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - Water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - The process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - Water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.[4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. Prokaryotes are organisms that can convert atmospheric nitrogen. These organisms convert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. Plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it releases nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. There are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisms and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. The organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Subterranean_Ecology&diff=2722 2018-05-09T13:50:02Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:guys bruv.jpg|thumb|right|The Krizna Jama &quot;Cross Crave&quot; in Slovenia. The cave system is filled with interconnected emerald green pools that are fed by the Bloke plateau]] Subterranean ecology is a branch of biology of which studies the interaction of organisms under the earth’s surface. [4] Subterranean environments include places like caves, underground waters, chasms, rock overhands, etc. Caves are the most promiminant location to find a vast amount of subterranean organisms interacting with each other. This epigean realm has yet to be fully understood and is mostly characterized as locations with little to no light. Total darkness is common within these environments and gives organisms a challenge to live without the sun. [5] Subterranean fauna mostly consists of arthropods, invertebrates, and some vertebrates such as cave salamanders. There is much to be learned about subterranean ecology due to its difficulty to explore its environments. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Caves ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:caves.jpg|thumb|left|Diagram of cave showing formation of stalagmites and stalactites]] Caves are the most common environments for subterranean ecology. A cave, also called cavers, is a natural opening in the earth, formed through various types of natural processes. Most caves are formed by a chemical reaction between groundwater and bedrock composed of limestone dolomite. Rain water picks up carbon dioxide from the wait as it penetrates the soil, turning into a weak acid.[2]<br /> <br /> The acid-forming reaction is: H2O + CO2 --&gt; H2CO3 (carbonic acid). <br /> <br /> The solution of water and carbonic acid then seeps down into the limestone. The acid reacts with the calcite to dissolve it in the liquid. <br /> <br /> CaCO3 + H2CO3 --&gt; Ca+2 + 2(HCO3-) (calcium bicarbonate solution). [3]<br /> <br /> Over time, the limestone or dolostone dissolves, creating massive pockets under the earth’s surface. Cave passages usually move through the water table of an aquifer. Water from an aquifer can reroute its path into the caves, which will dictate if the cave will be wet or dry. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Subterranean fauna==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:stygofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Stygofauna]] Subterranean fauna are decribed as organisms that live below the surface of the earth. They are divided into two groups: troglofauna and stygofuana. [1] Trogofauna are air breathing and live in caves and voids. Stygofauna are aquatic and live in groundwater. Most fauna have reduced pigment and non functioning eyes. Invertebrates dominate subterranean fauna. Some vertebrates, like the blind snake, or the pilabra can be found in these special environments. Troglofauna include, millipedes, beetles, crickets and other organisms that are able to live in caves. Troglofuana represent an example of adaptation in extreme environments Stygofauna live in freshwater aquifers. Stygofauna include gastropods, isopods, fishes, and salamanders. Stygofuana are able to navigate through the aquifer without any vision. [6]<br /> [[File:trogofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Trogofauna]]<br /> <br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> 1. Subterranean Fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bennelongia.com.au/services/subterranean-fauna/<br /> <br /> 2. How caves form. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mendips/caveskarst/caveform.htm<br /> <br /> 3. Cave Geology in Depth. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/nature/cave-geology-in-depth.htm<br /> <br /> 4. Shone, R. (2017, November 08). Go Inside These World-Famous, Rarely Seen River Caves. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/slovenia/photos-hidden-river-caves/<br /> <br /> 5. Living in the dark. (2014, August 14). Retrieved from https://blog.oup.com/2014/08/dark-habitats-convergent-morphology/<br /> <br /> 6. Sumo Group - Perth Digital Agency. (n.d.). About Stygofauna. Retrieved from http://www.subterraneanecology.com.au/knowledge-publications/about-stygofauna</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2721 2018-05-09T13:47:37Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:humus.jpg|thumg|right]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial [[decomposition]] of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2720 2018-05-09T13:47:17Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:humus.jpg|thumg|right]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french [[soil]] scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial decomposition of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called [[mycorrihizal fungi]]. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2719 2018-05-09T13:46:24Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. The size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]] Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. [4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2718 2018-05-09T13:44:38Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. [4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2717 2018-05-09T13:44:24Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. [4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the [[nitrogen cycle]], the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2716 2018-05-09T13:43:52Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the [[soil]] through various ways. [[Soil]] is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the [[soil]]. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. [4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Subterranean_Ecology&diff=2715 2018-05-09T13:41:48Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:guys bruv.jpg|thumb|right|The Krizna Jama &quot;Cross Crave&quot; in Slovenia. The cave system is filled with interconnected emerald green pools that are fed by the Bloke plateau]] Subterranean ecology is a branch of biology of which studies the interaction of organisms under the earth’s surface. [4] Subterranean environments include places like caves, underground waters, chasms, rock overhands, etc. Caves are the most promiminant location to find a vast amount of subterranean organisms interacting with each other. This epigean realm has yet to be fully understood and is mostly characterized as locations with littler to night. Total darkness is common within these environments and gives organisms a challenge to live without life. [5] Subterranean fauna mostly consists of arthropods, invertebrates, and some vertebrates such as cave salamanders. There is much to be learned about subterranean ecology due to its difficulty to explore its environments. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Caves ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:caves.jpg|thumb|left|Diagram of cave showing formation of stalagmites and stalactites]] Caves are the most common environments for subterranean ecology. A cave, also called cavers, is a natural opening in the earth, formed through various types of natural processes. Most caves are formed by a chemical reaction between groundwater and bedrock composed of limestone dolomite. Rain water picks up carbon dioxide from the wait as it penetrates the soil, turning into a weak acid.[2]<br /> <br /> The acid-forming reaction is: H2O + CO2 --&gt; H2CO3 (carbonic acid). <br /> <br /> The solution of water and carbonic acid then seeps down into the limestone. The acid reacts with the calcite to dissolve it in the liquid. <br /> <br /> CaCO3 + H2CO3 --&gt; Ca+2 + 2(HCO3-) (calcium bicarbonate solution). [3]<br /> <br /> Over time, the limestone or dolostone dissolves, creating massive pockets under the earth’s surface. Cave passages usually move through the water table of an aquifer. Water from an aquifer can reroute its path into the caves, which will dictate if the cave will be wet or dry. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Subterranean fauna==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:stygofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Stygofauna]] Subterranean fauna are decribed as organisms that live below the surface of the earth. They are divided into two groups: troglofauna and stygofuana. [1] Trogofauna are air breathing and live in caves and voids. Stygofauna are aquatic and live in groundwater. Most fauna have reduced pigment and non functioning eyes. Invertebrates dominate subterranean fauna. Some vertebrates, like the blind snake, or the pilabra can be found in these special environments. Troglofauna include, millipedes, beetles, crickets and other organisms that are able to live in caves. Troglofuana represent an example of adaptation in extreme environments Stygofauna live in freshwater aquifers. Stygofauna include gastropods, isopods, fishes, and salamanders. Stygofuana are able to navigate through the aquifer without any vision. [6]<br /> [[File:trogofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Trogofauna]]<br /> <br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> 1. Subterranean Fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bennelongia.com.au/services/subterranean-fauna/<br /> <br /> 2. How caves form. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mendips/caveskarst/caveform.htm<br /> <br /> 3. Cave Geology in Depth. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/nature/cave-geology-in-depth.htm<br /> <br /> 4. Shone, R. (2017, November 08). Go Inside These World-Famous, Rarely Seen River Caves. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/slovenia/photos-hidden-river-caves/<br /> <br /> 5. Living in the dark. (2014, August 14). Retrieved from https://blog.oup.com/2014/08/dark-habitats-convergent-morphology/<br /> <br /> 6. Sumo Group - Perth Digital Agency. (n.d.). About Stygofauna. Retrieved from http://www.subterraneanecology.com.au/knowledge-publications/about-stygofauna</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Subterranean_Ecology&diff=2714 2018-05-09T13:41:24Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:guys bruv.jpg|thumb|right|The Krizna Jama &quot;Cross Crave&quot; in Slovenia. The cave system is filled with interconnected emerald green pools that are fed by the Bloke plateau]] Subterranean ecology is a branch of biology of which studies the interaction of organisms under the earth’s surface. [4] Subterranean environments include places like caves, underground waters, chasms, rock overhands, etc. Caves are the most promiminant location to find a vast amount of subterranean organisms interacting with each other. This epigean realm has yet to be fully understood and is mostly characterized as locations with littler to night. Total darkness is common within these environments and gives organisms a challenge to live without life. [5] Subterranean fauna mostly consists of arthropods, invertebrates, and some vertebrates such as cave salamanders. There is much to be learned about subterranean ecology due to its difficulty to explore its environments. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Caves ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:caves.jpg|thumb|left|Diagram of cave showing formation of stalagmites and stalactites]] Caves are the most common environments for subterranean ecology. A cave, also called cavers, is a natural opening in the earth, formed through various types of natural processes. Most caves are formed by a chemical reaction between groundwater and bedrock composed of limestone dolomite. Rain water picks up carbon dioxide from the wait as it penetrates the soil, turning into a weak acid.[2]<br /> <br /> The acid-forming reaction is: H2O + CO2 --&gt; H2CO3 (carbonic acid). <br /> <br /> The solution of water and carbonic acid then seeps down into the limestone. The acid reacts with the calcite to dissolve it in the liquid. <br /> <br /> CaCO3 + H2CO3 --&gt; Ca+2 + 2(HCO3-) (calcium bicarbonate solution). [3]<br /> <br /> Over time, the limestone or dolostone dissolves, creating massive pockets under the earth’s surface. Cave passages usually move through the water table of an aquifer. Water from an aquifer can reroute its path into the caves, which will dictate if the cave will be wet or dry. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Subterranean fauna==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Subterranean fauna are decribed as organisms that live below the surface of the earth. They are divided into two groups: troglofauna and stygofuana. [1] Trogofauna are air breathing and live in caves and voids. Stygofauna are aquatic and live in groundwater. Most fauna have reduced pigment and non functioning eyes. Invertebrates dominate subterranean fauna. Some vertebrates, like the blind snake, or the pilabra can be found in these special environments. Troglofauna include, millipedes, beetles, crickets and other organisms that are able to live in caves. Troglofuana represent an example of adaptation in extreme environments Stygofauna live in freshwater aquifers. Stygofauna include gastropods, isopods, fishes, and salamanders. Stygofuana are able to navigate through the aquifer without any vision. [6]<br /> [[File:stygofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Stygofauna]] [[File:trogofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Trogofauna]]<br /> <br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> 1. Subterranean Fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bennelongia.com.au/services/subterranean-fauna/<br /> <br /> 2. How caves form. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mendips/caveskarst/caveform.htm<br /> <br /> 3. Cave Geology in Depth. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/nature/cave-geology-in-depth.htm<br /> <br /> 4. Shone, R. (2017, November 08). Go Inside These World-Famous, Rarely Seen River Caves. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/slovenia/photos-hidden-river-caves/<br /> <br /> 5. Living in the dark. (2014, August 14). Retrieved from https://blog.oup.com/2014/08/dark-habitats-convergent-morphology/<br /> <br /> 6. Sumo Group - Perth Digital Agency. (n.d.). About Stygofauna. Retrieved from http://www.subterraneanecology.com.au/knowledge-publications/about-stygofauna</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Subterranean_Ecology&diff=2713 2018-05-09T13:40:42Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:guys bruv.jpg|thumb|right|The Krizna Jama &quot;Cross Crave&quot; in Slovenia. The cave system is filled with interconnected emerald green pools that are fed by the Bloke plateau]] Subterranean ecology is a branch of biology of which studies the interaction of organisms under the earth’s surface. [4] Subterranean environments include places like caves, underground waters, chasms, rock overhands, etc. Caves are the most promiminant location to find a vast amount of subterranean organisms interacting with each other. This epigean realm has yet to be fully understood and is mostly characterized as locations with littler to night. Total darkness is common within these environments and gives organisms a challenge to live without life. [5] Subterranean fauna mostly consists of arthropods, invertebrates, and some vertebrates such as cave salamanders. There is much to be learned about subterranean ecology due to its difficulty to explore its environments. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Caves ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:caves.jpg|thumb|left|Diagram of cave showing formation of stalagmites and stalactites]]Caves are the most common environments for subterranean ecology. A cave, also called cavers, is a natural opening in the earth, formed through various types of natural processes. Most caves are formed by a chemical reaction between groundwater and bedrock composed of limestone dolomite. Rain water picks up carbon dioxide from the wait as it penetrates the soil, turning into a weak acid.[2]<br /> <br /> The acid-forming reaction is: H2O + CO2 --&gt; H2CO3 (carbonic acid). <br /> <br /> The solution of water and carbonic acid then seeps down into the limestone. The acid reacts with the calcite to dissolve it in the liquid. <br /> <br /> CaCO3 + H2CO3 --&gt; Ca+2 + 2(HCO3-) (calcium bicarbonate solution). [3]<br /> <br /> Over time, the limestone or dolostone dissolves, creating massive pockets under the earth’s surface. Cave passages usually move through the water table of an aquifer. Water from an aquifer can reroute its path into the caves, which will dictate if the cave will be wet or dry. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Subterranean fauna==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Subterranean fauna are decribed as organisms that live below the surface of the earth. They are divided into two groups: troglofauna and stygofuana. [1] Trogofauna are air breathing and live in caves and voids. Stygofauna are aquatic and live in groundwater. Most fauna have reduced pigment and non functioning eyes. Invertebrates dominate subterranean fauna. Some vertebrates, like the blind snake, or the pilabra can be found in these special environments. Troglofauna include, millipedes, beetles, crickets and other organisms that are able to live in caves. Troglofuana represent an example of adaptation in extreme environments Stygofauna live in freshwater aquifers. Stygofauna include gastropods, isopods, fishes, and salamanders. Stygofuana are able to navigate through the aquifer without any vision. [6]<br /> [[File:stygofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Stygofauna]] [[File:trogofauna.jpg|thumb|left|Trogofauna]]<br /> <br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> 1. Subterranean Fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bennelongia.com.au/services/subterranean-fauna/<br /> <br /> 2. How caves form. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mendips/caveskarst/caveform.htm<br /> <br /> 3. Cave Geology in Depth. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/nature/cave-geology-in-depth.htm<br /> <br /> 4. Shone, R. (2017, November 08). Go Inside These World-Famous, Rarely Seen River Caves. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/slovenia/photos-hidden-river-caves/<br /> <br /> 5. Living in the dark. (2014, August 14). Retrieved from https://blog.oup.com/2014/08/dark-habitats-convergent-morphology/<br /> <br /> 6. Sumo Group - Perth Digital Agency. (n.d.). About Stygofauna. Retrieved from http://www.subterraneanecology.com.au/knowledge-publications/about-stygofauna</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2712 2018-05-09T13:35:01Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:humus.jpg|thumg|right]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french soil scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial decomposition of plant and animal substances. [6] Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. [4]<br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. [5]<br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals [5]<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. [1] This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called mycorrihizal fungi. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. [2] <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/<br /> <br /> 6. National Geographic Society. (2012, October 09). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/humus/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Subterranean_Ecology&diff=2709 2018-05-09T13:31:57Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:guys bruv.jpg|thumb|right|The Krizna Jama &quot;Cross Crave&quot; in Slovenia. The cave system is filled with interconnected emerald green pools that are fed by the Bloke plateau]] Subterranean ecology is a branch of biology of which studies the interaction of organisms under the earth’s surface. [4] Subterranean environments include places like caves, underground waters, chasms, rock overhands, etc. Caves are the most promiminant location to find a vast amount of subterranean organisms interacting with each other. This epigean realm has yet to be fully understood and is mostly characterized as locations with littler to night. Total darkness is common within these environments and gives organisms a challenge to live without life. Subterranean fauna mostly consists of arthropods, invertebrates, and some vertebrates such as cave salamanders. There is much to be learned about subterranean ecology due to its difficulty to explore its environments. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Caves ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:caves.jpg|thumb|left|Diagram of cave showing formation of stalagmites and stalactites]]Caves are the most common environments for subterranean ecology. A cave, also called cavers, is a natural opening in the earth, formed through various types of natural processes. Most caves are formed by a chemical reaction between groundwater and bedrock composed of limestone dolomite. Rain water picks up carbon dioxide from the wait as it penetrates the soil, turning into a weak acid.[2]<br /> <br /> The acid-forming reaction is: H2O + CO2 --&gt; H2CO3 (carbonic acid). <br /> <br /> The solution of water and carbonic acid then seeps down into the limestone. The acid reacts with the calcite to dissolve it in the liquid. <br /> <br /> CaCO3 + H2CO3 --&gt; Ca+2 + 2(HCO3-) (calcium bicarbonate solution). [3]<br /> <br /> Over time, the limestone or dolostone dissolves, creating massive pockets under the earth’s surface. Cave passages usually move through the water table of an aquifer. Water from an aquifer can reroute its path into the caves, which will dictate if the cave will be wet or dry. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Subterranean fauna==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Subterranean fauna are decribed as organisms that live below the surface of the earth. They are divided into two groups: troglofauna and stygofuana. [1] Trogofauna are air breathing and live in caves and voids. Stygofauna are aquatic and live in groundwater. Most fauna have reduced pigment and non functioning eyes. Invertebrates dominate subterranean fauna. Some vertebrates, like the blind snake, or the pilabra can be found in these special environments. Troglofauna include, millipedes, beetles, crickets and other organisms that are able to live in caves. Troglofuana represent an example of adaptation in extreme environments Stygofauna live in freshwater aquifers. Stygofauna include gastropods, isopods, fishes, and salamanders. Stygofuana are able to navigate through the aquifer without any vision. [1]<br /> [[File:stygofauna.jpg|thumb|right|Stygofauna]] [[File:trogofauna.jpg|thumb|left|Trogofauna]]<br /> <br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> 1. Subterranean Fauna (stygofauna and troglofauna). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bennelongia.com.au/services/subterranean-fauna/<br /> <br /> 2. How caves form. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mendips/caveskarst/caveform.htm<br /> <br /> 3. Cave Geology in Depth. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/nature/cave-geology-in-depth.htm<br /> <br /> 4. Shone, R. (2017, November 08). Go Inside These World-Famous, Rarely Seen River Caves. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/slovenia/photos-hidden-river-caves/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2696 2018-05-09T13:26:35Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. [7]<br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. [6]<br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants. [6]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. [1]<br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. [4] Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. [3]<br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas.[2]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2334 2018-05-09T03:27:24Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:humus.jpg|thumg|right]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french soil scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial decomposition of plant and animal substances. Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. <br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. <br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called mycorrihizal fungi. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Britannica, T. E. (2015, July 27). Humus. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> 2. What Role Does Humus Play in Soil Fertility? (2018, March 15). Retrieved from https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> 3. What is humus? - the secrete to great soil. (2017, March 22). Retrieved from https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> 4. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> 5. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2328 2018-05-09T03:23:12Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> 1. The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> 2. The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> 3. “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> 4. “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> 5. &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> 6. Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> 7. Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2327 2018-05-09T03:22:03Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> [1] The water cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-water-cycle<br /> <br /> [2] The carbon cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/biogeochemical-cycles/a/the-carbon-cycle<br /> <br /> [3] “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> [4] “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> [5] &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> [6] Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> [7] Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2318 2018-05-09T03:18:03Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2316 2018-05-09T03:17:47Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2314 2018-05-09T03:16:44Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Within And Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> <br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2311 2018-05-09T03:15:09Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Within And Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2310 2018-05-09T03:14:34Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Within And Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2308 2018-05-09T03:14:05Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Within And Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> <br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> '''References'''<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2307 2018-05-09T03:13:39Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]]'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. In simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Within And Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> '''References'''<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2305 2018-05-09T03:12:41Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]] simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Within And Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> '''References'''<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2299 2018-05-09T03:08:16Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:humus.jpg|thumg|right]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french soil scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial decomposition of plant and animal substances. Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from decomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low, preventing decomposition of the organic matter. Mor has a slow transformation and accumulation process of plant residue. <br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. <br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called mycorrihizal fungi. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''References'''<br /> <br /> ----<br /> https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2287 2018-05-09T02:55:45Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:humus.jpg|thumg|right]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french soil scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial decomposition of plant and animal substances. Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from depomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low. <br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. <br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called mycorrihizal fungi. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''References'''<br /> <br /> ----<br /> https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Humus&diff=2286 2018-05-09T02:55:33Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:humus.jpg|thumg|right]]Humus is a type of soil created from decaying plants and organisms. Coined by a french soil scientist, Muller, the name is derived from the latin word &quot;soil&quot;. Humus is difficult to describe and has yet to be fully understood. <br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> Humus is a a non living organic matter in soil that is derived from microbial decomposition of plant and animal substances. Humus is dark colored and consists of approximately 60% carbon, 6% nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus. In agricultural terms, humus can be described as well aged compost. Organic matter decomposes molecules into smaller molecules by microorganisms in the soil. Most of the chemicals in this organic matter can be extracted by microorganisms and can be shared with other beings within the soil. Humus has a wide variety of decay (ex. peatmoss, gradd, leaf compost, wood chips, decaryed sawdust, garden waste, etc). <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Formations of humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> '''Mor'''<br /> <br /> Mor is generally found in coniferous forests or mixed-wood forests. it is also associated with acidic conditions. Mor comes from depomposing organic matter that lies on the surface of the soil. Fungi, earthworms, and small arthropods are some common organisms that decay into mor. Mor usually contains a low mineral content. The biological activity is relatively low. <br /> <br /> '''Moder'''<br /> <br /> Moder is the transitional form of humus. it lies between mull and moder. This type of humus is moderately humified and has characteristics of both mor and mull. Moder can be found where mor or mull are not generally favorable. <br /> <br /> '''Mull'''<br /> <br /> Mull can be found in hardwood forests, deciduous forests, or grasslands in warm, humic climates. Unlike mor, the pH in this humus formation is much higher and larger insects are more abundant. mull is subject to rapid decomposition and is well mixed with minerals<br /> <br /> [[File:mor_moder_mull_picture.gif]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Benefits of Humus==<br /> <br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> [[File:humusb.png|thumb|left]] Humus absorbs moisture, therefore it raises the temperature of the soil and can maintain its heat. This can prevent the roots of plants form frosting during cold weather events. Humus holds onto nutrients and can prevent them from leaching. Humus can absorb moisture which can help soil during dry weather events. Since humus can retain nutrients, this allows plants and organisms to thrive in the soil. Humus can protect the soil from extreme temperatures. It also plays a huge role in soil fertility. Humus's biochemical structure allows it to buffer excessive acid or alkaline soil conditions. This prevents toxic substances from entering the ecosystem. Humus also supports the growth of a very important organism called mycorrihizal fungi. This fungi has a symbiotic relationship with many plants and helps bind the soil particles together to form a sturdy soil structure. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''References'''<br /> <br /> ----<br /> https://www.britannica.com/science/humus-soil-component<br /> <br /> https://greentumble.com/what-role-does-humus-play-in-soil-fertility/<br /> <br /> https://www.gardenmyths.com/what-is-humus/<br /> <br /> http://karnet.up.wroc.pl/~weber/typy2.htm<br /> <br /> http://forestfloor.soilweb.ca/definitions/humus-forms/</div>

Acebron3 https://soil.evs.buffalo.edu/index.php?title=Nutrient_Cycling&diff=2280 2018-05-09T02:48:43Z

<p>Acebron3: </p> <hr /> <div>== Nutrient Cycling ==<br /> <br /> '''Nutrient cycling''' is the biogeochemical process of moving organic and inorganic through the environment. Nutrient cycles help soils and the life in soils receive their needed nutrients on a daily basis. Different types of nutrient cycling are vital to maintain a sustainable life for an ecosystem. [[File:nutrientsss.png|thumb|right|The Nutrient Cycle]] simple terms, there are 3 different types of processes that take place within a typical terrestrial nutrient cycle; Litter, biomass, and soil. These three processes can be broken down into smaller scales and intertwine with each other. the size of each processes can depend on the environment. For example, a rainforest will have a big biomass and a small litter and soil. [[File:vernadsky.jpg|thumb|left|''The Biosphere'' by Vladamir Vernadsky]]Vladimir Vernadsky was a geochemist and mineralogist from the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1943 for his popular hypothesis on the Biosphere with Eduward Suess’. Vernadsky was the scientist who coined the term biogeochemistry, which is the study of physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes that govern the natural environment and the is the backbone of nutrient cycling. Many scientists have used different variations of the term. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Importance ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nutrient cycling transfers vital matter from one place to another. Some living things are unable to move to other places and nutrient cycling helps get nutrients to certain organisms. Elements can be stored in certain places within the environment and can be saved for later or can supply another organism. Nutrient cycles allow the flow and regulation of matter for organisms that need them or do not need them. It allows matter that is oversaturated in one system to move to another system where it can be useful. Nutrient cycling also makes organisms mutual because they work together to give and receive nutrients that are needed for them to sustain life. <br /> <br /> <br /> == Processes==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:nutrient_cycling.jpg|thumb|right|The Three Main Processes in Nutrient Cycling]]<br /> '''Litter''' <br /> Litter is the process of naturally occurring matter falling into a system. For example, Trees shed their leaves in the fall and grow them back in the spring. These leaves can have useful nutrients that can transfer into the soil, giving soil some fertility. Those leaves reenter into a cycle where nutrients are passed into soil. Litter can also come from other places like precipitation. Precipitation enters into the litter system and can be passed into the soil or leave the cycle through surface runoff. Litter that stays in the nutrient cycle mostly comes from decomposition into soil<br /> <br /> <br /> '''Soil'''<br /> <br /> Nutrients enter the soil through various ways. Soil is good at retaining nutrients and passing them to organisms that live in the soil. The small pores in the soil help retain the nutrients. Although soil can hold nutrients well there are still some ways where organic or inorganic matter can leave the cycle. One example is through leaching. Leaching is the process of a soluble mineral or chemical being lost from the soil as it travels into groundwater. Gravity and other factors play into leeching and take away nutrients from the soil. As that happens, certain bedrocks can emit good nutrients upward back into the soil. This uptake can benefit the soil and can enrich it. Nutrients within the soil can leave into biomass through plant uptake. <br /> <br /> [[File:biomass-sources.jpg|thumb|right|Sources of Biomass]]<br /> '''Biomass'''<br /> <br /> The biomass includes things like crops, animals, municipal waster, and agricultural residues. Nutrients enter the biomass through systems like precipitation and plant uptake. nutrients can be stored in the biomass through plants.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Cycles Within And Associated With The Nutrient Cycle ==<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> '''Water Cycle'''<br /> The water cycle is highly complex and is anaccumilation of all hydrologic processes within the environment. The water cycle extends from groundwater flow to to condensation. Evaporation brings the water up to the atmosphere, precipitation returns the water to the soil and then can infiltrate or run off the soil. hitting the water table and returning to the ocean. It has a high influence over the nutrient cycle, as it plays a role in the movement of most nutrients. <br /> <br /> The main component of the water cycle are:<br /> <br /> 1. Evaporation<br /> <br /> 2. Water storage in oceans<br /> <br /> 3. Sublimation - the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor without melting into water <br /> <br /> 4. Evapotranspiration - water lost to the atmosphere from ground surface and the transpiration of groundwater by plants<br /> <br /> 5. Water in the atmosphere<br /> <br /> 6. condensation - the process in which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water<br /> <br /> 7. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. <br /> <br /> 8. Water Storage in ice and snow <br /> <br /> '''Nitrogen Cycle''' [[File:nitrogen_cycle.png|thumb|right|The Nitrogen Cycle]]<br /> The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen in and out of soil. It is important to the life and health of the soil as it carries amino acids and life itself. Nitrogen enters the soil through nitrogen fixation, the process of which nitrogen is converted into ammonia. N2 gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. Prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. These organisms conert nitrogen into ammonia which can be taken up by plants. plants can use ammonia to make organic molecules. Nitrogen molecules can be passed to animals when plants are eaten. <br /> <br /> <br /> '''The Carbon Cycle'''<br /> Much like the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle sustains all life. Carbon is the basis for soil fertility as it release nutrients for plant growth and acts like riparian zone towards harmful substances. Carbon moves through the environment similarly to the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle. there are two subcycles within the carbon cycle; the exchange among living organisma and the cycle of carbon in geological processes. Carbon moves freely through the air as carbon diozed. Carbon dioxide can dissolve in water to produce bicarbonate. Land plants, bacteria, and algae take in carbon dioxide or bicarbonate and can convert them into organic molecules. the organic molecules then pass through food chains until it is once again release as a gas. <br /> <br /> '''References'''<br /> <br /> ----<br /> <br /> “The Nitrogen Cycle.” GeographyBase.com, Geography Bse, 16 Nov. 2017, geographybase.com/the-nitrogen-cycle.<br /> <br /> “Nitrogen Cycle The Complete Process of Biogeochemical Cycle.” Biology, 18 Jan. 2018,<br /> <br /> &quot;The importance of Nitrogen&quot; byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/.https://organicnz.org.nz/magazine-articles/role-importance-nitrogen-soil/<br /> <br /> Bailey, Regina. ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/all-about-the-nutrient-cycle-373411.<br /> <br /> Nutrient Cycling, sci.waikato.ac.nz/farm/content/nutrientcycling.html.</div>

Acebron3